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费米超流体的类振荡膨胀（英文）

Oscillatory-like expansion of a Fermionic superfluid

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【作者】 王小琼； 吴裕平； 刘相培； 王宇轩； 陈昊泽； Mudassar Maraj； 邓友金； 姚星灿； 陈宇翱； 潘建伟；

【Author】 Xiao-Qiong Wang;Yu-Ping Wu;Xiang-Pei Liu;Yu-Xuan Wang;Hao-Ze Chen;Mudassar Maraj;Youjin Deng;Xing-Can Yao;Yu-Ao Chen;Jian-Wei Pan;Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China;CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China;

【通讯作者】 姚星灿;陈宇翱;潘建伟;

【机构】 Shanghai Branch, National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China； CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China；

【摘要】 在强相互作用的费米气体的研究中,原子团的膨胀动力学过程的测量是获取强相互作用费米气体性质的重要手段之一.由于制备的原子团原子数少(～10~5)和温度高(～0.1T_F),此前的研究工作中强相互作用费米气体的膨胀过程通常仅能维持几毫秒.因此,本文首先制备出了大原子数(5×10~6)和极低温度(0.06(1)T_F)的费米超流.结合特殊的磁场设计,作者成功地观测到了长达30ms的费米超流体的类振荡膨胀过程.同时,作者测量了费米超流体的指数型状态方程,得到了准震荡频率与相互作用、温度的关系.该实验结果和方法将促进对费米超流诸多有趣现象的研究,如椭圆流、正常-超流相变和super-Efimov效应等.

【Abstract】 We study the expansion behaviors of a Fermionic superfluid in a cigar-shaped optical dipole trap for the whole BEC-BCS crossover and various temperatures. At low temperature(0:06(1)T_F), the atom cloud undergoes an anisotropic hydrodynamic expansion over 30 ms, which behaves like oscillation in the horizontal plane. By analyzing the expansion dynamics according to the superfluid hydrodynamic equation,the effective polytropic index y of Equation-of-State(EoS) of Fermionic superfluid is extracted. The y values show a non-monotonic behavior over the BEC-BCS crossover, and have a good agreement with the theoretical results in the unitarity and BEC side. The normalized quasi-frequencies of the oscillatory expansion are measured, which drop significantly from the BEC side to the BCS side and reach a minimum value of 1.73 around 1/k_Fa=-0:25. Our work improves the understanding of the dynamic properties of strongly interacting Fermi gas.

【关键词】 Fermionic superfluid； Oscillatory-like expansion； BEC-BCS crossover； Equation-of-State；
【Key words】 Fermionic superfluid； Oscillatory-like expansion； BEC-BCS crossover； Equation-of-State；
【基金】 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11874340);the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0306501);the CAS;the Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies;the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2340000081)
  • 【文献出处】 Science Bulletin ,科学通报(英文版) , 编辑部邮箱 ,2020年01期
  • 【分类号】O562;O35
  • 【下载频次】49
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