【摘要】 目的:调查四川省凉山彝族自治州部分地区居民阿尔茨海默病(AD)流行病学特点,探讨该地区AD可能的独立影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取凉山州部分地区55岁及以上常住居民为调查对象,第一阶段采用简易智力状态评定量表(MMSE)及辅助调查问卷表进行现场筛查;第二阶段采用美国国立老化研究所与美国阿尔茨海默病学会诊断指南进行规范临床诊断。结果:共获得有效调查问卷2417份:(1)凉山州AD患病率为3.91%;(2)将危险因素与保护因素采用卡方检验,结果显示:不同年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、收入、性格、是否常参加棋牌活动、是否常参加文娱活动的调查对象AD患病率差异有统计学意义,均P<0.05;进一步Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄(OR=0.569)、收入(OR=0.532)、性格(OR=2.282)、文化程度(OR=0.343)、棋牌活动(OR=3.810)、民族(OR=0.487)、婚姻(OR=1.652)对AD患病率的影响有统计学意义,均P<0.05。结论:(1)凉山州AD患病率较国内其它地区稍高。(2)凉山州居民年龄(≥65岁)、彝族、收入低(年收入≤3600元)、受教育程度低(小学及以下)者发生AD的风险高;性格开朗、棋牌活动多、有配偶者发生AD的风险低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective This study was aimed to probe into the epidemiological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) among residents in some areas of Liangshan Prefecture and to explore the possible independent factors affecting AD in this area. Methods With the method of multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling, permanent residents aged 55 and above in this area were selected as in line of the standard subjects of the study. In the first stage, the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE) and the survey questionnaire were used for on-the-spot screening. Based on the diagnostic criteria of the national institute on aging and the AD association diagnostic guidelines writing group, clinical diagnosis was done. In the second stage, the diagnostic guidelines of the National Institute of Aging and the American Alzheimer’s Society were utilized to standardize clinical diagnosis. Results The data from 2417 valid questionnaires were analyzed.(1) The prevalence rate of AD was 3.91%;(2) To analyze the risk factors and protective factors, Chi-square test was performed. The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of AD depending on age, nationality, education level, marital status, income, personality, and the degree of chess and card activities, recreational activities(P<0.05); Further outcomes of Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=0.569), ethnicity(OR=0.487), income(OR=0.532), personality(OR=2.282), education levels(OR=0.343), chess and card activities(OR=3.810) and marital status(OR=1.652) had statistically significant effects on the prevalence of AD(P<0.05). Conclusion(1) The prevalence of AD in some areas of Liangshan Prefecture is slightly higher than that in other parts of China.(2) Residents with older age(≥65 years old), Yi ethnic group, low income(annual income≤3600 yuan), low education level(primary school and below) have a high risk of AD; while those with more chess and card activities, positive personality and with spouse have a low risk of AD.更多还原