【摘要】 利用7对扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）标记引物组合对16种花型325份样本的滇山茶（Camellia reticulata）开展遗传多样性与遗传关系分析。研究结果显示,7对引物组合共扩增得到713条带,多态性条带百分率（PPB）为100%,Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）为0.247 1,Shannon’s信息指数（I）为0.396 5。在3种自然类型（nfp）之间,多态性条带百分率(PPB_nfp)为90.46%～99.86%,基因多样性指数(H_nfp)变幅为0.235 6～0.247 8,Shannon’s信息指数(I_nfp)在0.378 6～0.397 1之间,遗传多样性水平为重瓣类型>单瓣类型>半重瓣类型。半重瓣类型（sdp）的5个品种类群间,PPB_sdp变幅在83.45%～91.16%之间,H_sdp和I_sdp的变化范围分别在0.205 2～0.248 7和0.329 2～0.388 0之间,5个品种类群的遗传多样性水平为凤凰屏群>杜鹃群>芙蓉群>金穗茶群>彩蝶群。重瓣类型（dp）的10个品种类群间,PPB_dp介于76.16%～96.91%之间,H_dp在0.221 3～0.256 5之间,I_dp的变化范围在0.346 7～0.402 6之间,10个品种类群的遗传多样性水平为星群>蝶翅群>牡丹群>松子鳞群>玫瑰群>雪花群>梅花群>无蕊群>莲花群>双冠群。不同自然类型或不同品种类群间的基因流值均大于1,自然类型内或品种类群内不同个体遗传差异是滇山茶遗传多样性的主要来源。非加权算术平均法（UPGMA）聚类结果能够将16个品种类群鉴别区分,表明基于表型性状的滇山茶品种类群划分具有合理性和科学性。在遗传距离为0.008 8处,将16个品种类群划分为5个大组,揭示出半重瓣类型是单瓣类型和重瓣类型的中间过渡类型。本研究结果拟为滇山茶品种类群的划分提供分子水平证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The genetic diversity and relationships of Camellia reticulata of 16 floral patterns were tested by fluorescent-labeled AFLP markers.The results show that 7 AFLP primer combinations yielded 713 bands with 100% polymorphic bands（PPB）,and Nei’s gene diversity（H）and Shannon’s information index（I）was 0.2471 and 0.3965,respectively.Among 3 natural floral patterns（nfp）,the percentage of polymorphic band(PPB_nfp)ranged from 90.46%to 99.86%,Nei’s gene diversity(H_nfp)varied from 0.2356 to 0.2478,and Shannon’s information index(I_nfp)was from 0.3786 to 0.3971.The genetic diversity of the 3 natural floral patterns was in the order of double floral pattern>single floral pattern>semi-double floral pattern.Among 5 variety groups of semi-double floral pattern（sdp）,PPB_sdp ranged from 83.45% to 91.16%,H_sdp was from 0.2052 to 0.2487,I_sdp was from 0.3292 to 0.3880,and the genetic diversity of 5 variety groups was in the order of SDP-FPG>SDP-DJG>SDP-FRG>SDP-JSG>SDP-CDG.Among 10 variety groups of double floral patterns（dp）,PPB_dp,H_dp and I_dp were in 76.16%–96.91%,0.2213–0.2565 and 0.3467–0.4026,respectively.The genetic diversity of the 10 variety groups was in the order of DP-XXG>DP-DCG>DP-MDG>DP-SLG>DP-MGG>DP-XHG>DP-MHG>DP-WRG>DP-LHG>DP-SGG.Both values of gene flow among natural floral patterns or variety groups were greater than one,and the genetic variations within natural floral pattern or variety group were the main resources of genetic diversity in C.reticulata.The 16 variety groups were clearly identified by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means（UPGMA）clustering,and they were divided into 5 groups when the genetic distance was 0.008 8.These results indicate that the classification of variety groups according to phenotypic traits of C.reticulata is rational and scientific.Meanwhile,the clustering result reveals that the semi-double floral pattern was an intermediate floral pattern with single floral pattern and double floral pattern.The results of this study would provide molecular evidence for the classification of variety groups of C.reticulata.更多还原