【摘要】 "带托运输"能够有效提高城市配送效率,物流公司自有托盘在整个托盘市场占据主导地位,通过共享调运实现托盘资源的有效循环成为一种趋势。针对物流公司现有大量托盘共享调运问题,考虑物流公司不合作与合作两种情况,以单个物流公司多点调运为基础,对多个物流公司多点共享调运进行研究,加入库存成本、租赁成本、调运成本等影响因子,根据多周期循环调运思维建立整数规划托盘共享调运模型,借助MATLAB软件编写求解模型的程序,并通过算例验证模型的有效性。结果表明,物流公司合作模式下进行托盘共享调运可以实现资源有效循环、物流总成本最低的目标;物流公司不合作模式下租盘成本明显较高。合作模式的优越性在于:其一,物流企业无须按照峰值购买托盘,而只需按照实际使用量进行调运,可以减少初期投资;其二,托盘可以循环利用,不同物流公司在同一区域内就实现了资源共享,从而使托盘在更大范围内循环共用;其三,托盘实现了规模效应,可大大减少成本及空盘调运次数。一言以蔽之,合作模式下,优先使用物流公司闲置托盘,可以有效降低租盘成本或购入成本,实现物流公司自有资源循环使用,有效地提高资源循环效率和城市配送服务效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Belt-plate transportation" can effectively improve the efficiency of urban distribution. The pallets of logistics company dominate the entire pallet market,so the effective circulation of pallet resources under the way of shared scheduling has become one of the research hotspots. Considering a large number of pallets in logistics companies on the background of shared scheduling and the situation of non-cooperation and cooperation of logistics companies,based on the multi-point scheduling of a single logistics company,the multi-point sharing scheduling of multiple logistics companies is studied. Besides,inventory cost,leasing cost,and scheduling cost are taken as the influencing factors,and the integer programming pallet sharing scheduling model is established according to the multi-cycle transportation thinking. The program of solving the model is compiled with the help of MATLAB software and the validity of the model is verified by an example. The results show that,under the cooperation mode of logistics companies,pallet sharing and scheduling can achieve the goal of effective resource circulation and the lowest total logistics cost. The cost of renting pallets is obviously higher in the non-cooperative mode of logistics companies. The sharing and scheduling of pallets under the cooperative mode gives priority to the idle pallets of logistics companies,which can effectively reduce the cost of renting pallets or purchasing pallets and improve the efficiency of resource recycling. The Shared pallet scheduling based on the cooperation mode of logistics companies realizes the recycling of their own resources,effectively promotes the efficiency of urban distribution services.更多还原