【摘要】 目的探究成年人中20～40岁和40～60岁两组人群肠道菌群的结构和代谢功能的差异。方法通过体外发酵系统,将志愿者粪便接种到分别以淀粉(STA)和菊粉(INU)作为主要碳源的培养基中进行体外发酵,并检测了肠道菌群的组成及产气量、代谢率和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)等代谢指标。结果 40～60岁组对INU的降解率低于20～40岁组,产气量高于20～40岁组。INU培养基中40～60岁组的乙酸含量较低,而丙酸与丁酸含量两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对发酵液进行的16S rRNA测序结果发现,STA对两组肠道菌群的影响不大,但INU组中,40～60岁组的发酵液中致病菌明显增多,而20～40岁组中有益菌,如双歧杆菌出现明显富集。结论肠道菌群的老龄化比以前报道的更为提前,在平均年龄50岁的人群中,肠道菌群的功能,特别是对膳食纤维的代谢和发酵功能显著降低,所以应该更早地开展个性化饮食干预,恢复肠道菌群的活力和健康。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the structure and metabolic function of intestinal microbiota in adults aged 20-40 years old and 40-60 years old.Methods The feces of volunteers were inoculated into the medium with starch(STA) and inulin(INU) as the main carbon source in vitro fermentation systems, and the composition of intestinal microbiota, gas production, metabolic rate of substrates and short chain fatty acids(SCFA) were detected.Results The degradation rate of INU in 40-60 years old group was lower than that in 20-40 years old group, and the gas production was higher than that in 20-40 years old group. The content of acetic acid in the INU medium was lower in the 40-60 years old group, while the content of propionic acid and butyric acid had no significantly changes between two groups. The results of 16 S rRNA sequencing showed that starch had little effect on intestinal microbiota, but in the INU group, the pathogenic bacteria in the fermentation broth of 40-60 years old group were increased significantly, while in 20-40 years old group, the beneficial bacteria, such as bificlobacterium, were obviously enriched. Conclusion The aging process of gut microbiota is occurred earlier than previously reported. The function of intestinal microbiota, especially the metabolism and fermentation of dietary fiber, decreases significantly in the population with an average age of 50 years old. Therefore, the personalized dietary intervention should be carried out earlier to restore the vitality and health of gut microbiota.更多还原