【摘要】 近年来,在模分复用(MDM)光通信领域中采用少模光纤(FMF)来增加传输容量的方法已经得到高度关注和深入研究,该方法可以突破单模光纤(SMF)非线性香农极限.结合本课题组开展的模分复用方面的部分工作,比较系统、深入地分析讨论了模分复用研究过程中相对突出、经典的部分研究工作和最新进展,涉及少模光纤结构设计、特性及应用.分析讨论了折射率阶跃分布和折射率渐变分布单芯少模光纤、用于无MIMO数据传输的椭圆芯少模光纤、用于光学参量放大的椭圆芯少模光纤、由中心圆孔和椭圆环芯组成的保偏少模光纤、具有10种保偏模式的PANDA环芯光纤、用于模分复用传输的低损耗少模环形光纤以及超模光纤的结构设计、特性及应用.最后,给出了本课题组近期提出的新颖的三环芯FMF以及FMF研究发展趋势,为模分复用光纤前传等系统应用提供有效支持.今后的较长一段时间,少模光纤研究中的采用特殊材料和光纤结构设计来实现大有效折射率差、低衰减、低色散、大有效模场面积和低非线性系数等指标仍然是通信领域需要继续探索的研究热点.更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,mode-division multiplexing(MDM)using few-mode fibers(FMF)have been intensively investigated as the method to increase transmission capacity beyond the nonlinearity Shannon limit of single-mode fibers(SMF).FMFs have drawn much attention in optical communications.Based on some of the works of our group on MDM,we systematically and thoroughly analyzes some classical research works and the latest progress on MDM,involving the FMF design,characteristics and its wide applications.We firstly review and discuss some types of FMFs such as step index FMF,graded index FMF,elliptical-core FMF for MIMO-less data transmission,polarization-maintaining FMF composed of a central circular-hole and an elliptical-ring core,polarization-maintaining PANDA ring-core FMF(PM-PRCF),low-loss ring-core FMF and supermode FMF.Then,we propose a novel supermode FMF with ring cores.Finally,the development trend of FMF research is presented.It provides effective support for the application of MDM front-haul transmission system.Using special materials and fiber structure design to achieve large effective refractive index difference,low attenuation,low dispersion,large effective mode area and low nonlinear coefficient in the study of FMF is still our research focus for a long time.更多还原