【摘要】 为研究降雨侵蚀过程中南方红壤区坡耕地地表汇流网络特征,应用亚毫米级高精度激光扫描和计算机数字图像处理相结合的方法在野外原位研究了南方几个典型母质发育的红壤模拟降雨条件下坡面汇流网络特征变化过程。结果表明:(1)在降雨侵蚀过程中,汇流密度和径流频度整体呈增加趋势,尤其是在第一场降雨过程中最为明显;(2)在第二、三场降雨侵蚀过程中的变化趋势因土壤性质和雨强的不同而出现差异;(3)在坡面侵蚀研究中,分形维数Ds可以较好的区别降雨前后整体汇流网络特征的变化。研究结果对南方红壤区坡耕地降雨侵蚀过程模拟与预测模型的研究、水土流失防治与水土保持规划设计具有一定的参考价值和借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to measure the features of surface flow networks on red soil sloping farmland under rainfall simulation,the submillimeter level high precision laser scanning and the computer digital image processing methods were used for the in-situ measurement of the surface flow networks on the red soil sloping farmland which weathered from several typical parent materials in the southern China.The results showed that:(1)flow density and runoff frequency increased with the rainfall duration,especially in the first rainfall event;(2)in the second and third rainfall events,the differences of flow density and runoff frequency varied for the different soil properties and rainfall intensity;(3)in the study of slope erosion,the fractal dimension Dswere beneficial in distinguishing the variation of the overall network characteristics before and after rainfall.The results of this study provided the advice on the soil and water conservation of red soil sloping farmland in southern China.更多还原