【摘要】 目的明确蓬莱市20岁及以上居民高尿酸血症(HUA)的患病率及其影响因素。方法采用二阶段抽样的方法,调查蓬莱长住居民797人HUA的患病情况。结果蓬莱长住居民HUA患病率为23.59%,标化HUA患病率为22.91%,男、女性HUA患病率分别为32.12%、14.51%,不同性别HUA患病率差异有显著意义(χ~2=34.24,P<0.01),男性HUA发病风险高于女性(OR=2.79,95%CI=1.96～3.96,P<0.01)。HUA患者中城区人口比例高于农村(χ~2=25.80,P<0.05)。整体人群及HUA人群的男性血尿酸水平均高于女性(t=14.87、5.46,P<0.01)。HUA患者女性发病年龄晚于男性(t=3.89,P<0.01)。男性各年龄组HUA患病率比较差异无显著性(χ~2=2.17,P>0.05);女性随着年龄增高,HUA患病率呈增加趋势(χ~2=10.72,P<0.01)。HUA患者代谢综合征(MS)患病率高于正常人群(χ~2=18.99,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,每周啤酒摄入量(OR=3.65,95%CI=1.66～8.00,P<0.01)、每周白酒摄入量(OR=1.99,95%CI=1.08～3.67,P<0.05)、每周贝类海产品摄入量(OR=4.07,95%CI=2.31～7.17,P<0.01)、体质量指数(BMI)(OR=2.17,95%CI=1.17～4.04,P<0.05)及三酰甘油(TG)(OR=2.19,95%CI=1.36～3.56,P<0.01)为男性HUA发病的独立危险因素;每周贝类海产品摄入量(OR=5.01,95%CI=2.53～9.93,P<0.01)、BMI(OR=2.52,95%CI=1.19～5.36,P<0.05)、TG(OR=2.92,95%CI=1.48～5.76,P<0.05)为女性HUA发病的独立危险因素。HUA患者对HUA知晓率低于对高血压、糖尿病及高脂血症的知晓率(χ~2=37.16～74.20,P<0.05)。结论蓬莱居民HUA患病率在全国居高水平,患病年龄呈年轻化。HUA患者MS患病率高。减少贝类海产品及乙醇摄入、控制腹型肥胖、控制高血压、纠正血脂异常是防治HUA的重要措施。HUA知晓率低,需要提高本地居民对HUA及痛风的防治意识。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia(HUA) and related influencing factors among residents aged ≥20 years in Penglai, China. Methods The two-stage sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence rate of HUA among 797 permanent residents in Penglai. Results The prevalence rate of HUA was 23.59% among the 797 permanent residents in Penglai, with a standardized rate of 22.91%. The prevalence rate of HUA was 32.12% in male residents and 14.51% in female residents, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence rate of HUA between male and female residents(χ~2=34.24,P<0.01). Male residents had a higher risk of HUA than female residents(odds ratio(OR)=2.79,95% confidence interval(CI):1.96-3.96,P<0.01). The proportion of HUA patients in urban areas was significantly higher than that of HUA patients in rural areas(χ~2=25.80,P<0.05). In the overall population and the patients with HUA, male residents had a significantly higher level of serum uric acid than female residents(t=14.87,5.46,P<0.01). Female patients with HUA had a significantly older age of onset than male patients with HUA(t=3.89,P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of HUA between the male residents in different age groups(χ~2=2.17,P>0.05), while in the female residents, the prevalence rate of HUA tended to increase with age(χ~2=10.72,P<0.01). The patients with HUA had a significantly higher prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome(MS) than the normal population(χ~2=18.99,P<0.01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that weekly intake of beer(OR=3.65,95% CI=1.66-8.00,P<0.01), weekly intake of liquor(OR=1.99,95%CI=1.08-3.69,P<0.05), weekly intake of shellfish(OR=4.07,95%CI=2.31-7.17,P<0.01), body mass index(BMI)(OR=2.17,95%CI=1.17-4.04,P<0.05), and triglyceride(TG)(OR=2.19,95%CI=1.36-3.56,P<0.01) were independent risk factors for HUA in the male population, and weekly intake of shellfish(OR=5.01,95%CI=2.53-9.93,P<0.01), BMI(OR=2.52,95%CI=1.19-5.36,P<0.05), and TG(OR=2.92,95%CI=1.48-5.76,P<0.05) were independent risk factors for HUA in the female population. For the patients with HUA, the awareness rate of HUA was significantly lower than that of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia(χ~2=37.16-74.20,P<0.05). Conclusion There is a high prevalence rate of HUA among the residents in Penglai, and the age of onset tends to become younger. Patients with HUA have a high prevalence rate of MS. Reduction of the intake of shellfish and alcohol, control of abdominal obesity and hypertension, and correction of abnormal blood lipid levels are important measures for the prevention and treatment of HUA. There is a low awareness rate of HUA, and therefore, it is necessary to improve the awareness of prevention and treatment of HUA and gout among local residents.更多还原