【摘要】 基于热平衡分析法,定义反映围护结构绝热性能和气密性的围护结构基础传热系数,以及综合考虑围护结构绝热性能、气密性及用户开窗行为导致的开窗通风散热量的围护结构综合传热系数。以天津地区某居住建筑为例,采用实测与调查问卷的方法,对用户开窗行为对围护结构综合传热系数的影响进行分析。随着室内外温差减小(在室内温度保持基本稳定的前提下,对应室外温度升高),围护结构综合传热系数增大是由用户开窗行为增加导致的。随着室内外温差增大,围护结构综合传热系数减小是由用户开窗行为减少导致的,使得围护结构综合传热系数趋于围护结构基础传热系数。与居民调查问卷显示的结果基本吻合(当室外温度较高时,用户开窗现象较为普遍;当室外温度较低时,则会减少开窗时间,甚至不开窗)。将不同室内外温差下的围护结构综合传热系数作为数据样本,采用皮尔逊相关分析法,对用户开窗行为出现拐点的室内外温差进行计算。对于该居住建筑,用户开窗行为出现拐点的室内外温差为24. 02℃。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the heat balance analysis method,the basic heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope reflecting the insulation performance and air tightness of the building envelope as well as the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient comprehensively considering the insulation performance and air tightness of the building envelope and the windowing ventilation heat release caused by the occupant windowing behaviour are defined. Taking a residential building in Tianjin as an example,the actual measurement and questionnaire are used to analyze the influence of occupant windowing behaviour on the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope. As the indoor and outdoor temperature difference decreases( the corresponding outdoor temperature rises on the premise that the indoor temperature remains basically stable),the increase in the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope is caused by an increase in the occupant windowing behaviour. As the indoor and outdoor temperature difference increases,the decrease in the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope is caused by a decrease in the occupant windowing behaviour,so that the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope tends to the basic heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope. The results are basically consistent with the results of the resident questionnaire( when the outdoor temperature is higher,the occupant windowing phenomenon is more common; when the outdoor temperature is lower,the windowing time is reduced,or even the window is not opened). Taking the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the building envelope under different indoor and outdoor temperature differences as the data sample,the indoor and outdoor temperature difference at the inflection point of the occupant windowing behaviour is calculated by the Pearson correlation analysis method. For the residential building,the indoor and outdoor temperature difference at the inflection point of the occupant windowing behaviour is 24. 02 ℃ .更多还原