【摘要】 《山海经》中"息壤"一词因历代学者的解释与阐发,含义被不断泛化,加重了其神话气息,强化了鲧禹治水的神话特质,偏离了神话背后的历史真实。以往关于鲧禹治水主要地域仅在黄河流域的认识有所片面,治水方法一直以来也模糊不清。鲧禹治水之地也可能包括长江流域。历代关于江陵"息壤"的记述构成了一个连续、丰富而多元的文献序列,鲧禹用息石、息壤以"堙洪水"的记述,在湖北江陵沙市可得到较好的落实。江陵"息壤"乃泥沙淤积而成的沙堤洲滩,"息石"则是用重物压制以防管涌的巨石,又有助力泥沙淤淀的中流砥石之功,其特定埋深还有水文指示意义。江陵沙市之易淤沙与多管涌在其特殊的地形与地貌并取决于其独特地理位置与地质背景。江陵"息壤"书写了自鲧禹治水以来"镇锁水旱"的历史传奇,深具科学内涵。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the Shan Hai Jing(Classic of Mountains and Seas),the termxirang(living earth)has taken on increasingly general connotations due to the interpretations and expositions of generations of scholars.This has strengthened its mythological flavor and built up the mythological character of Gun-Yu flood control in a way that deviates from the historical truth behind the myth.The belief that the main locus of flood control was the Yellow River Basin is one-sided,and the way flood control was carried out has always been unclear.The area of GunYu flood control may also have included the Yangtze River Basin.Successive dynasties’ records of the Jiangling xirangconstitute a treasure trove of continuous and varied material.Grounds for the record of Gun-Yu’s use of xishi(living rocks)and xirangto "dam the flood" can be found in Jiangling and Shashi in Hubei.Jiangling’s xirangare sandbanks formed by sedimentation,while its xishi is a great rock pressed down by heavy materials to prevent seepage through sand piping.The latter functions as a midstream whetstone pillar for silt deposit;the depth to which it is buried has hydrological significance.The special terrain and landforms of Jiangling and Shashi are conducive to sediment deposits and piping,features that are determined by its unique geographical location and geological background.Jiangling xiranginscribes the historical legend of "controlling flood and drought" dating from the time when Gun-Yu brought the floods under control;it has profound scientific connotations.更多还原