【摘要】 为了丰富绣线菊压花花材的颜色,扩大其应用范围,从染色剂种类(宝石蓝、紫色、桔色、柠檬黄)、染色剂浓度、温度及花枝长短等方面研究食用色素对绣线菊花朵的染色效应。结果表明:4种食用色素均能对绣线菊很好染色,但不同色素之间略有差异,其中食用色素宝石蓝的适应性最佳,其次为紫色,桔色和柠檬黄适应性稍差,染色时间稍长;不同食用色素适宜的染色浓度和染色时间不同,其中宝石蓝为3 g/L染色2～3 h,紫色3 g/L染色3～4 h,桔色5 g/L染色3～4 h,柠檬黄5 g/L染色4～5 h;染色液温度对染色效果也有一定影响,室温(20℃左右)下,染色效果较好,而较低温度抑制绣线菊花朵对色素的吸收,染色时间长,效果较差,但温度太高也会导致花材很快失水,花朵萎蔫甚至脱落;枝条长度对染色效果没有明显影响,在染色液浓度和温度适宜条件下,均能获得较好的染色效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to enrich the color of pressed Spiraea salicifolia L. flower and expend its application, the dyeing effects of four edible pigments, which are pure blue, purple, orange and lemon yellow, on dying of Spiraea salicifolia L. flowers were studied. The studies were carried out mainly from the types of dyeing agent, the concentrations of the dye, the temperature of the test and the length of the flower branches. The results showed that all four kinds of edible pigments could be well dyed to Spiraea salicifolia L., but there were some differences among different pigments. Spiraea salicifolia L. had the best adaptability to pure blue, followed by purple, orange and lemon yellow. The suitable dyeing concentration and time for different edible pigments were different:the pure blue was 3 g/L for 2-3 h, the purple 3 g/L for 3-4 h, the orange 5 g/L for 3-4 h and the lemon yellow 5 g/L for 4-5 h. The dyeing solution temperature also had a certain influence on the dyeing effect.Under the room temperature(about 20℃),the dyeing effect was better.The lower temperature of dyeing solution inhibits the pigment absorption of the flower of Spiraea salicifolia L.,and the dyeing effect was poor.The higher temperature of dyeing solution caused the flowers to lose water quickly and wilt.The length of branch had no obvious influence on dyeing effect.The better dyeing effect could be obtained under the suitable conditions of dyeing solution concentration and temperature.更多还原