【摘要】 随着环保和节能要求的不断提高,高参数大容量燃煤机组的发展成为了必然趋势,机组参数的提高对机组安全高效运行提出了更高的要求,特别是炉膛内吹灰器的合理动作缺乏理论指导。基于炉膛出口烟温的炉膛结渣整体判断方法难以指导布置在炉膛内部的大量吹灰器的合理动作,不仅会浪费吹灰蒸汽,同时给水冷壁的运行带来安全隐患。通过在炉膛的膜式水冷壁的向火侧鳍片处布置热电偶测点,实时监测热电偶测点的温度变化,建立了炉膛局部结渣监测模型,同时结合机组的运行数据给出了吹灰优化方案。监测结果表明:根据测点温度值建立的局部结渣监测模型能够反映炉膛不同高度层的结渣状况及其变化规律,高负荷下炉膛结渣严重,但结渣能够达到动态平衡,低负荷下结渣较轻但增长趋势明显。炉膛结渣能够优化各受热面的吸热量分配,特别是低负荷下可以减轻过热器、再热器的欠温问题,结合受热面的热量分配比例合理吹灰可优化电厂定时定量吹灰方式,减轻运行人员的督查力度,实时指导吹灰。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the environmental protection and energy conservation requirements are increasing rapidly, the development of high parameter and large capacity coal-fired utility boiler is an inevitable trend, high requirements on the safe and efficient operation are put forward by the unit high parameters, particularly the reasonable operation of the soot blowers in the big furnace is lack of theoretical guidance. The integral judgement of the furnace slagging which is based on the furnace exit gas temperature is difficult to provide guidance for the reasonable operation of a large quantity of soot blowers in furnace, which will not only waste a large amount of high quality steam, but bring potential hazard to the safe and efficient operation of the water wall. In this paper, the thermocouples are installed in the middle of fins of the membrane wall at the fireside in the furnace, the temperature variation of the measurement points are monitored on-time, the local slagging monitoring model is established, at the same time the optimized soot blowing scheme is provided combined with the unit operation data. The monitoring results show that the local model established on the temperature of the measurement points can reflect the situation and the variation tendency of local slagging in different height of the furnace, the slagging is serious at high load but can reach the dynamic balance in the end, this condition will be alleviated at low loads but the slagging growth trend is obvious. The slagging in the furnace can optimize the heat absorption distribution of the heating surface, especially the low steam temperature problem in superheater and reheater at low loads can be relieved. Combining with the heat absorption ratio of the heating surface, reasonable soot blowing can optimize the timing and quantitative operation type, reduce the working load of the operating personnel, and give an on-time and reasonable guidance to the operation of the soot blowing.更多还原