【摘要】 文中利用2014年5月-8月及2015年5月呼和浩特地区四部雨滴谱仪的观测数据,用Gamma分布拟合了平均雨滴谱,分析了三种不同性质降水(层状云、混合性、对流云)的平均雨滴谱及总粒子浓度、降水强度和雷达反射率因子特征。将降水粒子按尺度分为四个档,分析了各尺度的降水粒子在总粒子浓度和总含水量中所占的比例。结果表明,三种性质降水的雨滴谱均表现为单峰分布的特征,且粒子浓度峰值在低谱宽段,其中层状云降水的雨滴谱宽度最窄,平均谱宽为2.06mm;其次是混合性降水,平均谱宽为2.78mm;最宽的是对流性降水平均谱宽为3.25mm。层状云降水总粒子浓度最大,混合性次之,对流性最少。总含水量特征表现为层状云、混合性、对流云降水依次递增的特征,Ⅱ档以上粒子虽然数量少于小粒子,但对总含水量的贡献要多于小粒子。小时雨强表现为层状云、混合性、对流云降水依次递增的特征。层状云降水反射率因子最小,最大值在35dbz以下,混合性降水在40dbz左右,对流云降水在50dbz左右。更多还原

【Abstract】 Base on rain spectrum data of four stations from May to August 2014 and May 2015,average rain spectrum was been matching with Gamma distribution. Average rain spectrum, total particle concentration, precipitation intensity and radar reflectivity were analyzed. The precipitation particles were distinguished to four steps in its scale; the percentages of four step precipitation particles in total particle concentration and total water content were analyzed. The results showed: The characteristics of rain spectrum of three kinds of precipitation was unimodal distribution. The rain spectrum peak was at low value. The width of the rain spectrum of stratiform cloud rainfall was the narrowest, average was 2.0585 mm,the second was mixed rainfall, average was 2.78 mm, and the widest rain spectrum occurred in deep convective cloud rainfall, average was 3.25 mm. The concentration of precipitation particles of stratiform cloud rainfall was the biggest, the second was mixed rainfall, and the lowest was deep convective cloud rainfall. The characteristics of total water content was on the contrary. The trend of precipitation intensity showed stratiform cloud rainfall ∠mixed rainfall∠deep convective cloud rainfall. The reflectivity of stratiform cloud rainfall was the lowest, under 35 dbz, mixed rainfall’s was 40 dbz,and deep convective cloud rainfall’s was 50 dbz.更多还原