【摘要】 历史文化名村的保护经过15年来的抢救性工作,逐步从标准化生产的规范时代,走向"量身定制"的精准时代。基于特色的精准保护,要求从人地关系、社会关系、区域关系三方面出发,把握名村的文化内涵及空间表征,从而制定精细、准确的保护内容和保护措施。文章以宁波市为例,根据殷湾村依山傍水的有机发展形态,提出地缘环境特色的"整体式"精准保护;走马塘村"社会—空间"的耦合关系,提出宗族结构特色的"院落式"精准保护;栖霞坑村于古道中的线性空间序列,提出外部职能特色的"线路式"精准保护。其中,精准保护不存在一概而论的通用方法,必须深入分析名村的演化逻辑及空间特色,真正做到因地制宜的规划设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through fifteen years’ salvage work,the conservation of historical and cultural villages gradually develops from normalized production to accurate customized made. The idea of accurate protection based on characteristics requires efforts from three aspects: man-land relationship, social relationship, and regional relationship, in order to grasp the cultural connotation and spatial representation of historical and cultural villages and formulate elaborate and accurate protection content and measures. Taking Ningbo as an example, this paper proposes an integrated accurate protection method on geo-environment characteristics based on the organic development pattern in Yinwan Village which develops along mountain and lake; it proposesa courtyard-based accurate protection method on clan structure characteristics based on the societyspace coupling relationship of Zoumatang Village; and it puts forward a linear accurate protection method on the external functional characteristics based on the linear space sequence of the ancient road of Qixiakeng Village. However, there is no universal method for accurate conservation applied for all villages. It is necessary to analyze the evolutionary logic and spatial feature of historical and cultural villages deeply so as to truly formulate planning and design adapted to local conditions更多还原