【摘要】 机会网络是一种节点运动性较强的无线传感器网络,网络拓扑的动态变化导致节点之间的通信路径经常断裂,因此传统的路由机制并不适用.在分析机会网络的经典路由Epidemic的基础上,以降低节点能耗为目标,结合休眠机制对Epidemic进行了优化改进,提出了一种全新的机会网络路由算法(Energy-saving Opportunistic Networks Routing based on Sleeping Mechanism and Epidemic Routing,ERSE).该算法在判决节点进入休眠的问题上,做了三次判断.第一次是为了让节点不错过当前可能的通信机会,当有一段时间没有遇到其他节点时,才进入休眠判决过程;第二次是为了防止让转发任务较重的节点过早陷入死亡状态,让低于能量阈值的节点进入强制休眠状态;第三次则是根据节点以往的运动规律预测未来可能出现的场景,并对休眠时间做了一个极端的假设,保证节点尽量不错过大部分的通信机会.仿真结果表明,与经典的机会网络路由算法相比,ERSE算法在保证了网络性能基本不下降的同时,大幅度降低了节点的能耗.更多还原

【Abstract】 The opportunistic network is a wireless sensor network in which nodes have a strong motion.The dynamic change of the network topology makes the path between two nodes break frequently.Therefore the traditional routing algorithm can not be suitable.This paper analyzes the classic opportunistic networks routing algorithm Epidemic.Based on the analysis,it proposes a new algorithm ERSE combined with the sleeping mechanism which target is to reduce the energy consumption of nodes.ERSE makes three steps to judge the node whether to fall into the sleeping state.The first step is to make the node do not miss the current opportunity to communicate with others.Only the nodes who do not meet other nodes for a period of time will enter the sleeping judge process.The second step is to prevent the node with heavy forwarding task from falling into a state of death.It makes a threshold for nodes to judge itself whether to enter the mandatory sleeping.The last step is making the nodes predict future scenarios based on the previous motion so that the nodes can not miss the vast majority of the communication opportunities with others.The simulation results show that compared with the classical routing algorithms,the ERSE algorithm ensures that the network performance is not obviously changed while the energy consumption of the nodes is greatly reduced.更多还原