【摘要】 目的了解北京市朝阳区游泳场所水质卫生状况,发现影响游泳者健康的危害因素,为有效开展游泳场所风险评估等工作提供基础数据。方法依据GB/T 18204.6-2013采集游泳场所水样。依据GB/T 18204-2000、GB/T 5750-2006、GB/T 18204.2-2014和CJ 244-2016对游泳场所水样进行检验。根据GB 9667-1996和CJ 244-2016进行水质评价。结果 2017年游泳场所水样的总合格率为78.13%。其中池水尿素指标合格率最低,仅为40.63%,其次为游离余氯、氰尿酸和细菌总数,其合格率分别为50.00%、73.96%和83.33%。池水游离余氯浓度的构成比从大到小依次为0.3~0.5 mg/L(50.00%)、>0.5 mg/L(29.17%)、0.3 mg/L(20.83%)。6—8月尿素和游离余氯指标合格率逐步降低。而细菌总数合格率在不同月份波动较大。氰尿酸在不同月份合格率变化趋于平缓。戏水池和游泳池水样的合格率分别为74.89%和79.82%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.153,P>0.05)。戏水池水各指标合格率依次为游离性余氯<尿素<细菌总数<氰尿酸<浑浊度<大肠菌群与p H值。而游泳池水各指标合格率依次为尿素<游离性余氯<氰尿酸<细菌总数<浑浊度<大肠菌群与p H值。结论游泳场所健康危害因素主要是尿素、游离余氯、氰尿酸和细菌总数,应不断加强游泳场所水质卫生监测和监管工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To investigate the water quality of swimming places in Chaoyang District of Beijing,understand the health risk factors of swimmers,provide basic data for effective risk assessment of swimming places. [Methods] The water samples of swimming pool were collected on the basis of GB 18204. 6-2013. According to GB/T 18204-2000, GB/T 5750-2006,GB/T 18204.2-2014 and CJ 244-2016,samples of swimming place water were examined. The water quality evaluation was performed according to GB 9667-1996 and CJ 244-2016. [Results] The total qualified rate of water samples from swimming places was 78.13% in 2017. The qualified rate of free residual chlorine was the lowest(40.63%),followed by the urea residue,cyanuric acid and total bacterial count,which the qualified rate was respectively was 50.00%,73.96% and 83.33%. The constituent ratio of free residual chlorine concentration was listed in descending order as follows :0.3-0.5 mg/L(50.00%),>0.5 mg/L(29.17%),0.3 mg/L(20.83%). The qualified rates of urea and residual chlorine were gradually decreased from June to August. The qualified rates of the total bacteria count fluctuated in different months,and the qualified rates of cyanuric acid were stable in different months. The qualified rate of leisure pools and swimming pools was 74.89% and 79.82% respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(χ~2=2.153,P>0.05). The qualified rate of indexes in leisure pools were free residual chlorine< urea< total bacterial count <cyanuric acid < turbidity< total coliform group=p H value. The qualified rate of indexes in swimming pools were urea< free residual chlorine< cyanuric acid < total bacterial count < turbidity< total coliform group=p H value. [Conclusion] The health risk factors in swimming places are mainly urea,free residual chlorine,cyanuric acid and total bacterial count. Therefore,hygienic monitoring and inspection on swimming pool should be enhanced.更多还原