【摘要】 目的评价2015年版《中华人民共和国药典》有明确重金属及有害元素限量标准的8种植物类中药材(山楂、枸杞子、白芍、金银花、丹参、甘草、黄芪、西洋参)重金属铜、汞、砷、铅、镉的污染情况。方法计算机检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中文科技期刊数据库(重庆维普)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中文生物医学期刊文献数据库(CMCC)1982年1月1日-2015年12月31日8种中药材与重金属相关文献。检索时间:2016年4月。采用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数分析中药材重金属污染情况。结果经筛选,纳入文献259篇。甘草的镉污染指数为5.28,黄芪和白芍的汞污染指数分别为1.48、3.94,均大于1。内梅罗综合污染指数排序为丹参(0.39)<山楂(0.42)<枸杞子(0.56)<西洋参(0.78)<金银花(0.83)<黄芪(1.38)<白芍(2.32)<甘草(3.70)。块根类中药材的汞、镉污染指数分别为1.07、1.66。花果类中药材的内梅罗综合污染指数为0.65,块根类中药材为1.3。结论山楂、枸杞子、丹参为安全等级;金银花、西洋参处于污染警戒线;黄芪为轻度污染,主要污染物为汞;白芍为中度污染,主要污染物为汞;甘草为重度污染,主要污染物为镉。花果类中药材为安全等级;块根类中药材为轻度污染,主要污染物为汞和镉。应注重控制各种中药材中单因子污染指数较高的重金属含量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the pollution of heavy metals such as Cu, Hg, As, Pb, Cd in Chinese materia medica, a clear limit of heavy metals and harmful elements in 2015 version of the People’s Republic of China Pharmacopoeia, such as Crataegi Fructus, Lycii Fructus, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, and Panacis Quinguefoii Radix. Methods Computer was used to search articles about 8 kinds of Chinese materia medica and heavy metals in CNKI, China Academic Journal Database(Wanfang Data), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database(VIP), China Biomedical Literature Database(CBM), Chinese Medical Current Contents(CMCC) from January 1, 1982-December 31, 2015. Retrieval time: April 2016. Heavy metal pollution in Chinese materia medica was analyzed by single factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index. Results After screening, 259 articles were included. Pollution index of Cd in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was 5.28; pollution index of Hg was 1.48 in Astragali Radix and 3.94 in Paeoniae Radix Alba. Nemerow comprehensive pollution index sorting was Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(0.39) < Crataegi Fructus(0.42) < Lycii Fructus(0.56) < Panacis Quinguefoii Radix(0.78) < Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(0.83) < Astragali Radix(1.38) < Paeoniae Radix Alba(2.32) < Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(3.70). Pollution indexes of Hg and Cd in roots of Chinese materia medica were 1.07 and 1.66. The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index of Chinese materia medica of flower and fruit was 0.65, and the roots of Chinese materia medica was 1.3. Conclusion Crataegi Fructus, Lycii Fructus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma are in security level; Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Panacis Quinguefoii Radix are in pollution warning line; Astragali Radix is slightly polluted, and the main pollution material is Hg; Paeoniae Radix Alba is moderately polluted, and the main pollution material is Hg; Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is heavily polluted, and the main pollution material is Cd. Flowers and fruits of Chinese materia medica are in security level; roots of Chinese materia medica are sightly polluted, and the main pollutants are Hg and Cd. Heavy metal with higher single factor pollution index in a variety of Chinese materia medica should be controlled.更多还原