【摘要】 本文首先利用Arc GIS软件中的水文模块对泾河水系进行重新分级,以冲沟为泾河流域的最小水系,建立泾河流域的6级水系,旨在使水系分级具有定量化的特征。其次,在DEM数字模型的基础上提取川道的边界范围,可以看出泾河及其各级支流冲积而成的川道,水系级别越高,川道则越大,其中最宽的川道位于泾河中上游,宽度达到3.6km。第三,将川道和城镇数据叠加,得出川道城镇的空间分布特征,川道面积越大分布城镇越多,城镇级别越高;中游区的川道城镇密度最大,上游区和下游区城镇密度最小;中游区分布的川道城镇规模大。第四,从地形地貌、自然要素、水土流失和基础设施四个方面分析了川道城镇空间分布的影响因素。最后,提出"梁峁、坡地生态保护+宽的川道生态控制+沟道水系生态廊道网络"的川道城镇生态发展空间模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Firstly, this research precisely determines the hierarchical structures of Jinghe River Basin, and puts forward a 6-level structural system for human settlement in Jinghe River Basin. Secondly, using DEM digital model to extract the surface of the boundary area, there are many different sizes of valleys that are cut out by Jing River and its tributaries. The higher the water level is, the larger the valley is. The widest valley is located in the upper reaches of the Jing River, the width of 3.6 km. Thirdly, we superimpose the valley boundary and urban data and get the spatial distribution characteristics of the valley town. There are more towns located in the larger area of the valley, and the higher the urban level is. Town density is the highest in the midstream area of the plateau, town density is the lowest in the upstream and area downstream of the plateau. The largest urban scale is in the midstream area of the plateau, the largest urban number is in the downstream area of the plateau. Fourthly, the paper analyzes the factors of the spatial distribution of the cities and towns in the Loess Plateau from the four aspects of topography, natural factors, soil erosion and infrastructure. Finally, the paper puts forward the spatial pattern of ecological development of Valley town, such as "Liangmao, slope ecological protection + wide ecological control of channel" and "channel aquatic network".更多还原