【摘要】 目的了解北京市《中国预防与控制梅毒规划(2010—2020年)》实施以来梅毒流行特征,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2010—2016年北京市报告的梅毒病例数据进行分析。结果梅毒报告发病率由2010年的25.50/10万下降至2016年的23.57/10万。一期、二期、三期、胎传梅毒报告发病率年均减少依次为12.53%、6.28%、7.26%、17.09%。一期和二期梅毒报告发病率由2010年的11.22/10万下降到2016年的6.37/10万,年均下降9.00%。隐性梅毒报告病例数由2010年的2 439例增加到2016年的3 690例,年均增幅达7.14%。各年男性报告发病率高于女性,男女性别比有扩大趋势,由2010年的1.10∶1增加至2016年的1.22∶1。20~39岁为高发年龄段,但≥60岁年龄段病例数年均增长5.12%。除50~59岁人群一期和二期梅毒报告发病率增长外,其余年龄组呈下降趋势。一期和二期梅毒所占构成比减少,而隐性梅毒构成比增加。北京市16个区都有梅毒病例报告,报告病例数居前3位的区是朝阳区、海淀区和丰台区,这3个区的病例总数占到全部梅毒报告病例的45.29%。通州区病例数增长迅速。在20种职业中,报告病例数最多的是家务及待业(占36.51%),其次是离退人员(占17.01%),家务及待业增长幅度最大,年均增长11.68%。结论北京市一期和二期梅毒呈下降趋势,但老年病例增加较快,应继续开展有效的干预措施控制梅毒的传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological features of syphilis in Beijing since the implementation of Chinese Ministry of Health 2010-2020 Syphilis Control Plan, so as to provide the evidence for developing control strategies.Methods The data of syphilis cases were collected from the disease surveillance information reporting system between 2010 and 2016 and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method. Results The reported syphilis incidence decreased from 25.50/105 in 2010 to 23.57/105 in 2016. The annual average decreasing incidence rates of the reported syphilis cases of primary, secondary, tertiary, and congenital syphilis were 12.53%, 6.28%, 7.26%, and 17.09%, respectively. The incidence of reported primary and secondary syphilis decreased from 11.22/105 in 2010 to 6.37/105 in 2016, with the annual average decreasing incidence of 9.00%. The number of latent syphilis cases increased from 2 439 in 2010 to 3 690 in 2016, with an annual average increasing rate of 7.14%. The incidence of syphilis was higher in males than in females each year, and the average male/female ratio increased from 1.10∶1 in 2010 to 1.22∶1 in 2016. The highest proportion of syphilis patients was in the group of 20-39 years old, but the persons aged ≥ 60 years showed the most rapid increase by 5.12% per year. The incidence of reported primary and secondary syphilis decreased in all the age groups except the group aged 50-59 years. The constituent ratio of primary and secondary syphilis in all the cases declined, while that of latent syphilis increased. There were reported syphilis cases in all the 16 districts of Beijing from 2010 to 2016, and the cases were mainly distributed in Chaoyang,Fengtai and Haidian districts, accounting for 45.29% of all the reported cases. The reported cases increased rapidly in Tongzhou District. Of the 20 occupations, the unemployed population accounted for the highest proportion(36.51%), following by the retired population(17.01%). The unemployed people showed the most rapid increase by 11.68% per year.Conclusion The incidence of reported primary and secondary syphilis shows a decreasing trend, but the older patients increase rapidly. Therefore, the effective interventions should be developed to control the transmission of syphilis according to the epidemiological features.更多还原