【摘要】 目的分析石家庄市儿童呼吸道感染病原体的流行特点,为临床预防和治疗呼吸道感染提供病原学依据。方法纳入就诊于儿科的呼吸道感染患儿936例,运用间接免疫荧光法检测儿童血清的八种呼吸道病原体的IgM型抗体。根据不同季节、不同年龄和不同性别分组,分析其病原体阳性率和感染类型。结果 936例患儿血清标本中,检出病原体IgM抗体共424例,阳性率为45.30%。其中肺炎支原体阳性率(28.63%)最高,其次依次为流感病毒B型、呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒A型、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、副流感病毒,未检出嗜肺军团菌。不同季节病原体的阳性率有差异,冬季的病原体阳性率(50.33%)显著高于夏、秋季的阳性率(33.71%和41.46%),差异均有统计学意义;不同年龄组中,婴儿组病原体阳性率(16.05%)显著低于其他3个年龄组,差异均有统计学意义;检出病原体的424例阳性患儿中,单一病原体感染类型者为290例(30.98%),混合感染者134例(14.32%);全部936例患儿中,男童病原体阳性率(42.33%)显著低于女童阳性率(52.29%);病原体混合感染类型中以肺炎支原体和流感病毒B型混合感染最常见,其中婴儿组混合感染病原体检出率均显著低于幼儿组、学龄前组和学龄组。结论肺炎支原体全年在儿童呼吸道感染中占主要地位。年龄和性别是石家庄市儿童呼吸道病原体感染的特异性因素,冬季为呼吸道病原体感染高峰期。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in children in Shijiazhuang,and provide basis for the clinical prevention and treatment.Methods Nine hundred and thirty-six children with respiratory tract infection were enrolled.IgM antibody was detected with indirect immunofluorescence assay.The positive rate of pathogens and type of infection were analyzed based on seasons,ages and genders.Results 424 cases(45.30%)were found to be IgM positive.The positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumonia was the highest(28.63%),followed in turn by influenza virus type B,respiratory syncytial virus,influenza A,Chlamydia pneumonia,adenovirus and parainfluenza virus.No Legionella pneumophila was detected.The positive rates of pathogens varied in different seasons,which was50.33%in winter,significantly higher than those in summer and autumn(33.71% and 41.46%).The positive rate in the infant group(16.05%)was significantly lower than those in the other three age groups(Ps<0.05).There were 290 cases of single pathogen infection(30.98%)and 134 cases of mixed infection(14.32%)among the 424 positive cases.The positive rate in boys(42.33%)was significantly lower than that in girls(52.29%).Mixed infection with Mycoplasma pneumonia and influenza virus type B was the most common among mixed infections.The detection rate of mixed pathogens in infants was significantly lower than that in young children,preschool and school age groups.Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia plays an important role in respiratory tract infection in children throughout the year.Age and gender are the specific factors of respiratory tract pathogen infection in children in Shijiazhuang,and winter is the peak season of respiratory infections.更多还原