【摘要】 针对吉林省西部半干旱区的生态特点,研究氮素营养水平对膜下滴灌条件玉米净光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数、光合酶活性和产量的影响。结果表明,适宜的氮肥施用量可显著提高叶片光合性能,随着氮肥施用量的逐渐增加,叶片气体交换参数也逐渐升高;当氮肥超过300 kg/hm2时,各项指标开始下降。在荧光诱导动力学参数中,最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)对种植模式的改变比较敏感,膜下滴灌下各处理平均Fv/Fm均显著高于同期普通生产田对照,随着施氮量的增加Fv/Fm增加;高氮处理穗位叶Fv/Fm无显著差异。施用氮肥均增加了玉米穗位叶PEP和Ru BP羧化酶活性。在膜下滴灌模式下,玉米达到最高产量时的氮肥施用量为200 kg/hm2,与300 kg/hm2时的产量无显著差异;非膜下滴灌玉米获得最高产量时的施氮量为300 kg/hm2。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects on photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescent parameters and yield ofmaize under mulched drip irrigation in semi-arid area were studied. The results showed that appropriate amount ofnitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve the photosynthetic properties of leaves, with the increase of nitrogen ap-plication rate, leaves gas exchange parameters also increased gradually, when nitrogen fertiliziation exceeded 300kg/ha, the every index began to decline. In the fluorescence induction kinetic parameters, the max photochemical ef-ficiency(Fv/Fm) was more sensitive to the change of cropping patterns. The mean Fv/Fmof each treatment undermulch drip irrigation was significantly higher than that in the same field, Fv/Fmalso increased with the increase of ni-trogen application rate in the two treatments with high nitrogen. There was no significant difference in Fv/Fm. In bothmodes, the activities of PEP and RUBP carboxylase, in the ears of maize were increased by applying nitrogen fertiliz-er. In the mulchined drip irrigation mode, the max production of the corn appeared at the 200 kg/ha of nitrogen ap-plication rate, and there was no significant difference in the yield of maize between 200 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha. Theyield of maize under non-molchined drip irrigation was the highest of 300 kg/ha.更多还原