【摘要】 以陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区杜仲人工林为研究对象,研究不同立地条件下杜仲林土壤含水量、土壤含水量随深度变化速度、土壤贮水量、成活率以及生长量的变化。结果表明:不同生长时期、不同立地条件下,杜仲林土壤含水量均为表层较高;在0~200cm土层土壤含水量变化较大,阳坡和峁顶的土壤含水量减少较快,而沟谷和阴坡土壤含水量则减少较慢;200~300cm土层的土壤含水量在各个立地条件下均较稳定。杜仲林地土壤贮水量表现为沟谷最高,依次为阴坡、阳坡和峁顶;土壤贮水量在杜仲的生长初期最高,其次为生长中期和生长末期。不同立地条件下杜仲的成活率表现为沟谷>阴坡>阳坡>峁顶;杜仲新枝和地径的生长量均表现为沟谷>阳坡>阴坡;采用截干+覆土或截干+覆膜的处理方式可以提高杜仲成活率。因此,黄土丘陵沟壑区沟谷更适合于杜仲生长,采用截干覆土或截干+覆膜措施可提高杜仲的成活率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking the Eucommia ulmoides plantations with different site conditions in loess gullied-hilly region in northern Shaanxi as research objects,soil moisture content,variation rate of soil moisture with soil depth,soil water storage capacity,seedling survival rate,and growth of the seedlings were analyzed.In different site conditions and growth periods,higher content of soil water was found in soil surface layer.Variations of soil water were significant in the soil depth of 0-200 cm.Soil water content was lower in sunny slope and ridge top than in shade slope and gully bottom.It was stable in the soil depth of 200-300 cm in different site conditions.For soil water storage capability,it followed the order of gully bottom >shade slope>sunny slope>ridge top.Soil water storage capacity among different growth periods was in the order of early-> mid->late-growth period.The survival rate of the seedlings at different sites was in the order of gully bottom>shade slope>sunny slope>ridge top.The growth speed of newly emerged branches and ground diameter of the seedlings in different sites was in the order of gully bottom>sunny slope>shade slope.Cutting the stem and covering the seedlings with soil or plastic film after planting could greatly improve the survival rate of the seedlings,indicating that the gully bottom was the best site for the growth of E.ulmoides in the loess gullied-hilly region and cutting the stem and covering the seedlings withsoil or plastic film was the suitable measure.更多还原