【摘要】 [目的]研究高氯酸盐对大鼠免疫功能的影响,了解高氯酸盐的免疫毒性。[方法]将36只健康Wistar雌性大鼠（体重180²00 g）随机分成6组。高氯酸盐灌胃染毒,染毒剂量分别为4.50、22.00、110.00、560.00 mg/kg（以体重计,后同）,以蒸馏水为阴性对照,环磷酰胺为阳性对照（腹腔注射）。每天1次,连续染毒5 d,染毒结束2 d后采集大鼠尾静脉血,称取动物体重、各脏器质量,计算脏器系数;采用试管法进行白细胞计数、白细胞分类计数;ELISA法测定T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD₄⁺、CD₈⁺分子浓度和细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4和IL-10质量浓度,并计算CD₄⁺/CD₈⁺值。[结果]与阴性对照组相比,高氯酸盐染毒组（除4.50 mg/kg组外）大鼠的胸腺系数、脾脏系数降低,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）,其中560.00 mg/kg染毒组降低最明显;阳性对照组也出现降低,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。与阴性对照组相比,高氯酸盐染毒组的中性粒细胞比例在22.00 mg/kg染毒组开始增加,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;T淋巴细胞亚群指标CD₄⁺分子浓度在110.00、560.00 mg/kg染毒组明显降低;细胞因子IL-4和IL-10从22.00 mg/kg高氯酸盐染毒组开始降低,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）。[结论]高氯酸盐可对大鼠的免疫功能产生抑制作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To study the effects of perchlorate on immune function of rats, and understand the immune toxicity of perchlorate. [Methods] Thirty-six healthy Wistar rats(180-200 g) were randomly divided into six groups. Perchlorate was administered by gavage at 4.50, 22.00, 110.00, and 560.00 mg/kg(in terms of body weight), respectively. Distilled water was used as negative control, and cyclophosphamide was used as positive control(intraperitoneal injection). After exposure to perchlorate for continuous 5 d(once a day) and observation for 2 d, rat tail vein blood was collected on the 7 th day, and body weight and organ weights were measured to calculate organ coefficients. White blood cell counts and differential counts were calculated by test-tube method. Concentrations of T lymphocyte subset indices(CD4+ and CD8+) and cytokines(IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10) were detected by ELISA, and CD4+/CD8+ was alsocalculated. [Results] Compared with the negative control group, the rat thymus coefficient and spleen coefficient in the perchlorate groups(except the 4.50 mg/kg group) decreased significantly(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and especially in the 560.00 mg/kg group, as well as in the positive control group(P < 0.01). Compared with the negative control group, neutrophils increased significantly in the groups administered with 22.00 mg/kg perchlorate and above(P < 0.01); the concentrations of CD+4 decreased significantly in the 110.00 mg/kg group and 560.00 mg/kg group; IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly decreased in the groups administered with 22.00 mg/kg perchlorate and above(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).[Conclusion] Perchlorate may suppress immune function of rats.更多还原