【摘要】 巷内预充填无煤柱护巷技术是在上工作面平巷内紧靠非截割帮预先构筑充填体墙,本工作面掘平巷时沿充填体掘巷,实现无煤柱开采。采用FLAC3D对综放巷内预充填无煤柱掘巷围岩的变形与破坏特征进行数值模拟,结果表明该巷道变形呈现非均匀性,并进一步对巷道围岩进行不稳定分区:巷道浅部顶板"拉破坏区",顶煤、基本顶与直接顶的分层处"剪切错动离层区",充填体帮肩角"压剪切落区",实体煤帮"高应力压剪区"。在此基础上提出"分区非匀称支护"技术体系,即以高强高预应力让压锚杆和倾斜锚索为支护主体,且将锚索整体向充填体偏移,从而使巷道变形协调。研究结果在潞安集团常村煤矿进行井下试验与应用,有效控制了无煤柱掘巷围岩的变形。更多还原

【Abstract】 The technology of pre-backfill instead of the pillar in roadways is based on pre-building backfill body next to the non-cut coal side in the lane of upper working face, the roadway of the nearby working face is driven near to backfill body, and in this way mining without coal pillar is realized. Numerical simulation was done with FLAC^3D for the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock of roadways with pre-backfill instead of the pillar in top caving working faces. The results have shown that the deformation of roadway is heterogeneous, which further unstably partitions the surrounding rock of roadways: shallow roof of the roadway is defined as "tension failure zone", the stratification between the immediate roof and the basic roof as well as top coal "shear gliding separation zone", the backfill side shoulder "compression-shear falling zone", and the coal side "compression-shear zone with high stress". Based on the above analysis, the system of non-symmetrical supporting for different zones is put forward, i.e., with high strength and high pretension yieldable bolt and inclined anchor as the supporting body, and the anchor is made shift entirely to the backfill body for coordinated deformation of the roadways. The technology was applied to the Changcun Coal Mine of Lu’an Group, and could effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock.更多还原