【摘要】 由于轮轴压装质量直接影响轨道列车的安全运行,针对轮轴压装不当产生轮轴内表面严重机械损伤的问题,应用有限元法对其进行研究.用Abaqus建立过盈配合下轮轴的有限元模型,仿真分析压装过程中压装力和等效应力的变化及分布规律,发现应力集中位置位于车轴轮座与轮毂孔的结合处及注油孔的外沿,因此应对应力集中位置做重点探伤;压装过程中压装力和最大等效接触应力都不断变化,其中压装力随着压装位移的增大而逐渐增大,而最大等效接触应力随着压装位移的增大呈先增大后减小的趋势;通过对比不同压入位移时轮轴的等效应力发现,压入位移超过190mm时,车轴左端卸荷槽处开始发生形变,出现应力集中现象,因此压入位移应控制在190 mm以内.更多还原

【Abstract】 The quality of wheel and axle shaft fitting affects the safety of railway train operation directly.For serious mechanical damage of the wheel and axle inner surface caused by the improper installation,the finite element method is used to study wheel and axle shaft fitting. The finite element models of wheel and axle shaft are built in Abaqus. Through the simulation and calculation,the change and distribution rules of fitting force and the equivalent stress between wheel and axle are analyzed. It is found that the stress concentration appears in the combination of wheel seat on the axle and wheel hub bore and the outer edge of the oil injection hole. So the location of stress concentration should be detected with emphasis. With the fitting force and maximum equivalent contact stress changing constantly,the fitting force increases along with the press displacement,while the maximum equivalent contact stress firstly increases and then decreases. By comparing the equivalent stress of wheel and axle shaft with different press displacement,it is found that the stress concentration will induce the phenomenon of deformation in the unloading groove when the press displacement is over 190 mm. It is better to control the press displacement under 190 mm.更多还原