【摘要】 根据2014年11月在中东大西洋塞内加尔沿岸底拖网渔船进行的渔业资源调查,并结合遥感获取的海洋环境数据,应用相对重要性指数、生物多样性指数和多元统计分析等方法对中东大西洋塞内加尔沿岸秋季鱼类群落结构及其多样性进行了研究。结果表明:调查海域捕获鱼类共64种,隶属于2纲15目41科59属,该海域所捕获鲈形目占有绝对优势,其包含17科32属34种。各调查站位均匀度指数(J)为0.69±0.15,多样性指数(H′)为1.75±0.39,丰富度指数(D)为1.04±0.45。优势种为大眼裸颌鲈(Brachydeuterusauritus)、斑鳍圆鲹(Caranx rhonchus)、黑斑十指马鲅(Galeoidesdecadactylus);常见种为贝氏小鲷(Pagellusbellottii)、北梭鱼(Albulavulpes)、西非拟绯鲤(Pseudupeneusprayensis)、红齿海鲶(Arius hendeloii)、隆背月鲹(Selene dorsalis)、黄鳍石鲈(Pomadasysolivaceum)、离棘真豹鲂鮄(Dactylopterusvolitans)、裘氏石鲈(Pomadasysjubelini)、黑鳍缩口银鲈(Eucinostomusmelanopterus);偶见种为绿鳍鲹(Chloroscombruschrysurus)。等级聚类分析(CLUSTER)与非度量多维标度分析(MDS)将所有站点分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ两个组群,各组群典型种与组群间分歧种对群落结构的影响明显,ANOSIM分析表明两组群差异极显著。Ⅰ组群与Ⅱ组群所处海域的水深、SST、chl-a浓度存在较为明显的差异,几内亚湾暖流对本调查海域秋季鱼类群落的空间变化具有重要影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the data collected from the bottom trawl survey in November 2014 and marine environmental data retrieved from remote sensing in the coastal area of Senegal,the Eastern Central Atlantic,the community structure and diversity of fish assemblage in autumn were examined using index of relative importance,ecological diversity indexes and multivariate statistical analysis.A total of 64 fish species were captured,belonging to 2 C1 asses,15 orders,41 families,59 genera.The perciformes had an absolute predominance,which contained 17 families,32 genera and 34 species.The value of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H’),Pielou’s evenness index(J)and the Margalef’s species richness index(D)of all stations of the fish community were 1.75 0.39,0.69 0.15 and 1.04 0.45,respectively.The dominant species were Brachydeuterusauritus,Caranx rhonchus and Galeoidesdecadactylus.The common species were Pagellusbellottii,Albulavulpes,Pseudupeneusprayensis,Arius hendeloii,Selene dorsalis,Pomadasysolivaceum,Dactylopterusvolitans,Pomadasysjubelini and Eucinostomusmelanopterus.And the rare species was Chloroscombruschrysurus.MDS and CLUSTER analyses revealed that two clusters of Group I and Group II were identified for all the sampling stations.Typical species within-group and discriminating species between groups had significant influence on the community structure.ANOSIM analysis between Group I and Group II showed that significant difference was found.The water depth,SST,and chl-a concentrations in the waters of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were significantly different.The Guinea Gulf warm current had an important influence on the spatial variation of fish communities in this area in autumn.更多还原