【摘要】 目的了解云南省2015年医院感染现状,为制订医院感染预防与控制措施提供依据。方法采用床旁调查和病历调查相结合的方法,调查云南省116所医院医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用情况及病原学送检情况。结果共调查住院患者64 386例,发生医院感染1 357例,1 476例次,医院感染现患率为2.11%,例次现患率为2.29%。不同床位数医院医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用率和治疗使用抗菌药物病原学送检率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。医院感染居前3位的科室依次为重症监护病房(20.99%)、烧伤科(8.00%)及血液科(7.34%);感染部位以下呼吸道为主(占42.68%);医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主(占69.28%),主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌等。调查日抗菌药物使用率为35.62%,治疗性使用抗菌药物病原学送检率为59.56%。结论本次医院感染横断面调查有助于了解全省医院感染现况,计算出各指标的百分位数分布,便于各医院进行医院感染相关工作的自我评价。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in hospitals in Yunnan Province in 2015,and provide basis for formulating HAI control measures.Methods A cross-sectional survey on HAI prevalence rate,antimicrobial use,and pathogenic detection in 116 hospitals in Yunnan Province were conducted by combined methods of bed-side survey and medical record reviewing.Results A total of 64 386 hospitalized patients participated in the survey,the prevalence rate of HAI was 2.11%(n=1 357),and case prevalence rate was 2.29%(n=1 476).Difference in prevalence rates of HAI,antimicrobial usage rates,and pathogenic detection among hospitals of different beds were all significant(all P <0.01).The top3 departments of HAI distribution were intensive care units(20.99%),burn departments(8.00%),and hematology departments(7.34%);the main infection site was lower respiratory tract(42.68%);HAI mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria(69.28%),the major were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Antimicrobial usage rate at the survey day was 35.62%,bacterial detection rate in patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial use was 59.56%.Conclusion The cross-sectional survey on prevalence of HAI is helpful for understanding the current status of HAI,calculation of the percentile distribution of each index can promote self-evaluation for HAI-related work in each hospital.更多还原