【摘要】 灌区量水是实现灌溉用水科学调度、按方计收水费的重要基础。本文系统总结了国内外量水技术的发展历程,综述了量水堰、量水槽、量水仪表及自动测流技术等方面的研究进展。当前灌区量水存在的主要问题是,许多灌区仍难以找到能同时满足量水精度较高、测算方便、造价较低、水头损失较小等要求的量水设备,特别是平原地区已建灌区,增建量水堰槽可能因增加水头损失而影响正常灌溉。为此建议:(1)进一步研究结合渠系建筑物的量水新技术,使之兼备特设量水设施优越性能,又具有引水分水功能;(2)重视非接触性明渠测流技术研究,避免因建设量水设施造成额外水头损失;(3)加强自动测流及数据远传技术的应用,提高灌区量水效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Discharge measurement was essential to the irrigation management and water fee collection of the irrigation districts.In this paper,the development process of the discharge measurement technique was systematically summarized,and the recent advances on the research of the weirs,flumes,flow measuring instrument and automatic measuring technique were reviewed.So far,it was still difficult for many irrigation districts to select suitable discharge measuring devices that met the needs of high precision,convenient for measuring,low cost,and low head-loss at the same time.Especially in some plain irrigation districts,the construction of flumes obviously affected the normal irrigation.Therefore,a suggestion was put forward to pay more attention to the researches of combination of flow measuring and canal structures,non-contact measuring technique,automatic measuring and remote transmission technique.更多还原