【摘要】 该研究采用单因素方差分析、巢式方差分析、群落多样性指数分析等方法,以国家北沙柳种质资源库内13个居群的494个无性系为实验材料,通过表型性状(叶面积、叶周长、叶柄长、叶长、叶宽、长宽比、开枝角度、株高和地径)比较分析,探讨居群间和居群内表型分化程度、表型多样性和地理变异,为北沙柳种质资源遗传改良和生产提供理论依据。结果显示:(1)北沙柳表型性状变异丰富,变异系数范围为17.64%~28.79%,平均为22.53%。(2)在13个居群中,居群P2的Simpson、Shannon和Brilliouin平均多样性指数最高,居群P13最低;表型性状中分枝角度多样性指数最大,地径多样性指数最小。(3)表型性状分化系数为0.265 4,即北沙柳种质资源居群间表型变异为26.54%,居群内表型变异为73.46%。(4)主成分分析表明,叶面积、叶周长、叶长、叶柄长和叶宽对分组的贡献率较大;聚类分析将13个北沙柳居群可划分为四组;Mantel检验表明,地理距离与表型距离(欧氏距离)相关性不显著(r=0.192 3,P=0.082)。研究认为,居群内不同无性系的选育是北沙柳定向育种的主要研究方向;边缘居群的表型性状具有形成地理变异的趋势;遗传多样性高是北沙柳适应性强的物质基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using one-way AMOVA,nested variance analysis and community diversity index analysis,we investgated 13 populations 494samples in the national germplasm resources pool of Salix psammophilaas experimental material,compared and analyzed phenotypic traits(leaf area,leaf perimeter,leaf petiole,leaf length,leaf width,aspect ratio,branch angle,plant height and ground diameter),discussed phenotypic variation,phenotypic diversity and geographic variation within and among population in order to pro-vide theoretical basis for genetic improvement and production.The results showed that:(1)there are significant differences in phenotypic variation among populations;The range of variation coefficient was17.64%-28.79%,the average was 22.53%.(2)In 13 populations,P2Simpson,Shannon and Brilliouin diversity index was the highest,P13 diversity index was the lowest;The diversity index of branching angle phenotypic trait was the largest and ground diameter diversity index was the smallest.(3)The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 0.265 4,phenotypic variation among population is 26.54% and within population is 73.46%.(4)The PCA analysis showed that leaf area,leaf perimeter,leaf length,leaf petiole length and leaf width contributed significantly to the grouping.Cluster analysis used Euclidean distance among populations showed that 13 populations could be divided into four groups.Mantel test showed that geographic distance is not significantly associated with phenotypic Euclidean distance(r=0.192 3,P=0.08 2).Research showed that breeding population of different clones was the main research direction of S.psammophilabreeding;Edge population phenotypic traits had formed the geographical variation trend;High genetic diversity is material basis of the S.psammophilaadaptability.更多还原