【摘要】 大气折光对水准测量的影响是目前最重要且很难消除的误差之一。由折光影响产生的系统闭合差可能超过随机观测误差,那么在沿相同水准路线作重复观测的情况下,就可能会出现同符号闭合差。针对这一问题,该文提出了分析闭合环统计性质,从而提取出大气折光可能影响大的测段的方法。为了定量分析大气折光对水准观测结果的影响,提出不测温差的大气折光改正方法,对提取出的测段进行折光影响模拟。结果表明,大气折光对部分测环的水准环闭合差有系统性偏离影响,部分测段大气折光影响与地形存在明显的相关性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Atmospheric refraction is one of the main errors in leveling which is hard to eliminate.System closure error produced by the refraction may exceed the random observation error,so in case of repeated observations along the same level route,it is possible to have the same symbol closure.A method of analyzing the statistical properties of the closed loops was proposed in this paper so as to extract the leveling lines which may affected by atmospheric refraction.In order to quantitatively analyze the influence of refraction,formula without measuring the temperature to calculate atmosphere refraction was proposed to simulate the refraction of the extracted leveling lines,and there was a significant correlation between the atmospheric refraction and the terrain.更多还原