【摘要】 目的分析绍兴市2015年9月发生的一起登革热暴发疫情的流行病学特征,为预防和控制登革热疫情提供依据。方法依据病例定义回顾性搜索病例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定登革热抗体;从病例血液样本中分离病毒,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测病毒RNA;采用布雷图指数法监测蚊媒幼虫密度。结果共发现42例病例,无死亡病例。主要临床表现有发热（100.00%）、乏力（59.52%）、关节痛（50.00%）、头痛（47.62%）和皮疹（38.10%）。首诊病例7月15日发病,末例为9月23日,历时71天,流行高峰集中在8月30日—9月7日。37例分布在为柯桥区,5例分布在越城区。病例男女性别比为1.33∶1,40岁^19.05%和50岁^19.05%年龄组比例较高,呈家庭（单位）性聚集。12例病例血液样本检测出登革热Ig M抗体和病毒核酸,测序分析为登革热Ⅱ型病毒。结论外地病例输入、蚊密度高和医务人员诊断能力不足可能是导致该起登革热暴发疫情的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever outbreak in Shaoxing City,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control. Methods A retrospective epidemiological investigation was conducted to search the patients by given definition. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay( ELISA) was used for detecting the anti-dengue virus antibodies. The serum samples from patients were collected for dengue virus isolation and the positive samples were identified by RT-PCR. Breteau Index was carried out to monitor the density of mosquito larva.Results A total of 42 cases were found with no death reported. The symptoms mainly included fever( 100%),fatigue( 59. 52%),arthralgia( 50. 00%),headache( 47. 62%) and rash( 38. 10%). The outbreak lasted for 71 days with the first case occurred in July 15 and the last in September 23. The peak was from August 30 to September 5. Thirty seven cases were located in Keqiao District and 5 cases were in Yuecheng District. The male / female ratio was 1. 33∶ 1. The age of cases ranged from 10 to 79 years old with the 40-( 19. 05%) and 50-( 19. 05%) age group making the largest proportion. The outbreak also showed family aggregation. Ig M antibody and nucleic acid of dengue virus were detected from serum samples of 12 patients. The sequence of the isolation indicated that this outbreak was caused by dengue virus typeⅡ. Conclusion The imported cases,high density of mosquito vector and missed diagnosis might contribute to this outbreak. Developing a practical scheme for mosquito elimination,improving diagnostic capacity of medical staff and their consciousness of reporting could be important ways to control dengue fever.更多还原