【摘要】 《庄子·天下》篇述庄子学行曰"独与天地精神往来,而不敖倪于万物。不谴是非,以与世俗处",与《庄子》他篇叙述庄子行迹所显示的价值取向并不一致,原因多端。庄子在精神、人格上追求道通为一、至人无己、自然无为、虚己顺人,在践行叙事中却睥睨天下、傲视王侯,具有突出的自我意识和傲然个性。笔者从文献、生存论根源等各个维度对这种不一致性予以新的诠释:一是庄子提出"至人无己"理想本身即表明他具有非常突出的自我意识和主体性;二是这种理想若要影响社会,必须在践行中具有坚强独特个性;三是文献所述庄子思想与行迹均各自有自己的历程,需细致辨析才能适当把握。这提示读者必须整体、辩证、多维、过程、超越地解读《庄子》文本,才能准确地领悟庄子人格理想及其践行。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Chapter Thirty-three Zhuang Zi·Under the Heaven,Zhuang Zi’s academic and actions are portrayed as "while seeking communication with the infinity of the heaven and the earth,he neither showed disdain for anything nor questioned for right and wrong,but harmonized with worldly affairs",which is out of accord with the description in other chapters in Zhuang Zi for many reasons. Zhuang Zi followed oneness, unselfness, naturalness,humbleness,and sardonicness. He had strong self- consciousness and proud personality. About this discordance,in light of bibliography and origin of existence,the author holds the following new interpretation: 1) Zhuang Zi’s ideal that the perfect man cares for no self,showed that he had strong self- consciousness and subjectivity; 2) If this ideal has effects on the society,he needs firm and unique personality in practice; 3) We can grasp it properly only after making careful discriminations on different bibliographies that have described Zhuang Zi’s thoughts and tracks in their own way. We should interpret Zhuang Zi wholly, dialectically, multidimensionally,dynamically and transcendentally so as to seize precisely his personality ideality as well as his practice of it.更多还原