【摘要】 通过对3种堆型核电站大修期间现场系统设备辐射测量,确定了核电站主要存在的放射性核素种类及伴随β射线能量范围。实验测量了核电站目前使用的部分β表面污染监测仪对不同能量β射线的表面活度响应特性,发现核电站β表面污染监测仪测量结果使用⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y放射源的表面活度响应或校准因子修正,会导致测量的表面污染水平偏低。根据核电站存在的β射线能量分布范围,建议核电站β表面污染监测仪测量结果采用²⁰⁴Tl或³⁶Cl的表面活度响应值或校准因子修正。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through radiation measurement of in-site system equipment in three types of reactors during overhauling,the typical types of radio-nuclides and the energy range ofβray existed in nuclear power plants（NPPs）were obtained.The surface activity responses toβrays with different energy of some common-usedβsurface contamination monitors were experimentally investigated.It is found that using the surface activity response of ⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y plane source to calibrate these monitors would underestimate the real level of surface contamination.With respect to the energy range ofβray in NPPs,it is suggested that ²⁰⁴Tl or ³⁶Cl would be employed to calibrate the surface activity response ofβsurface contamination monitors.更多还原