【摘要】 为了探讨同为蒙古人种的中国汉族与日本人、韩国人体质特征的差异和原因,采用分层随机抽样方法,于2009—2013年在中国36个地区测量了16503例中国汉族人的身高、体重值.将中国汉族11个方言族群的身高、体重值与日本人和韩国人的身高、体重值进行比较,对平均值进行u检验,以此判断差异是否具有统计学意义.结果表明:中国男性和女性的身高均低于日本人,特别是20~39岁组与日本人身高差距最大.日本男性的体重与西北方言族群、江淮方言族群和吴语族群最为接近;日本女性体重普遍低于中国的11个族群,差异具有统计学意义(p≤0.05).韩国人的身高值相对接近于生活在中国长江下游的江淮方言族群、吴语族群和北方汉族族群,高于南方汉族族君.韩国人的体重值与东北方言族群和华北方言族群接近,多数高于其他9个中国汉族族群.总的来看,中国汉族的身高值普遍低于日本人和韩国人,这种差异除了与遗传因素有关外,与经济发展水平也密切相关.更多还原

【Abstract】 To get the differences and analyze the reasons for physical features between Chinese Han groups and Japanese or Korean,stature and weight of 16 503 Chinese in 36 districts were measured by stratified random sampling method from2009 to 2013.The Chinese were sampled from 11 ethic groups of Chinese Han nationality.The Chinese stature and weight were compared with those of Japanese and Korean,and the u-test was carried out to evaluate the significance of differences.The results showed that:the statures both of males and females of Chinese Han were lower than those of Japanese,especially the 20—39 years group had the biggest difference.The body weight of Japanese males was closed to that of the northwest,Jianghuai and Wu dialect groups,and the body weight of Japanese females was generally lower than the 11 female groups of China,the difference of which was significant(p ≤ 0.05).As for the comparisons with Korean,the stature of Korean was similar to that of Jianghuai,Wu dialect groups and north Chinese groups,and was higher than that of southern Chinese groups.The body weight of Korean was close to those of northeast and North China dialect groups,but was generally higher than the other 9 Chinese dialect groups.Overall,the stature of Chinese Han groups was lower than of Japanese and Korean.Besides the genetic factors,the difference was closely related with economic development levels.更多还原