【摘要】 药物成瘾是一种慢性复发性脑病,主要表现为不可控制的对药物持续渴求和戒断后的高复吸。目前观点认为,成瘾是中脑腹侧被盖(ventral tegmental area,VTA)到伏隔核(nucleus accumbens,NAc)脑区多巴胺能奖赏通路中神经可塑性发生改变而导致的一种神经精神疾病。基因表达变化在神经可塑性中发挥着重要作用,但成瘾药物导致相关脑区结构和功能改变的机制还不甚清楚。微小RNAs(microRNAs,miRNAs)是一类非编码RNA,主要通过结合靶基因mRNA 3’非翻译区(3’untranslated region,3’UTR),在转录后水平阻断其翻译成蛋白质或触发其不稳定而降解。越来越多的研究证实,miRNAs参与调节成瘾相关神经可塑性的变化。本文较系统地阐述miRNAs在药物成瘾中的作用研究进展,将为深入阐明药物成瘾的机制以及药物成瘾临床有效干预和诊治提供新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder characterized by uncontrolled and compulsive drug use and continued high relapse after withdrawal. Many studies indicate that drug addiction is correlated with the synaptic plastic changes in the mesolimbic dopamine system,which arises from ventral tegmental area( VTA) to the nucleus accumbens( NAc). The gene expression changes play an important role in neural plasticity,but the mechanism of changes in reward pathways related to addiction is unclear. microRNAs( miRNAs) are an important class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that mediate negative posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targeting mRNA 3’-untranslated region to inhibit the translation of mRNA or degrade the expression of mRNA. Studies show that miRNAs are involved in the regulation of addiction-related synapse plastic changes. In this review,we summarize systematically the research progress of miRNA that plays a role in drug addiction,which may provide new idea to develop potential treatment for drug relapse and addiction.更多还原