【摘要】 [目的]了解张家港市职业病危害申报企业职业病危害现状,为职业病防治策略提供依据。[方法]按企业规模、行业分类、经济类型对张家港市职业病危害项目申报资料的职业病危害接触情况及职业病患病情况进行分析。[结果]已在张家港市安监局申报存在职业病危害项目的生产企业共有2 184家,主要职业病危害因素为粉尘类、化学因素、物理因素及放射因素;企业规模中,存在的职业病危害企业主要集中在小、微型企业,占所有职业病危害企业数的87.13%,其职业病报告例数占全部职业病报告数的84.10%,职业病患病率为2.65%,高于大中型企业(0.46%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=451.09,P<0.01);行业分类中,制造业占企业数构成比为83.79%,职业病危害接触人数为89.86%;经济类型中,有限责任公司918家,占42.03%,私营企业658家,占30.13%,外商投资企业148家,占6.78%,职业病患病率前3位的企业类型为个人独资企业、股份合作企业、私营企业,分别为12.47%、2.47%、2.37%。[结论]该市企业存在多种职业病危害因素,企业规模以小、微型为主,行业类型以制造业为主,经济类型以有限责任公司、私营企业等非公有制经济为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] To understand the status quo of occupational hazards in industrial enterprises declaring occupational hazards in Zhangjiagang, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of occupational diseases. [Methods] Reported data on occupational hazards exposure and occupational diseases prevalence in Zhangjiagang City were sorted and analyzed according to enterprise scale, industry classification, and economic type. [Results] There were 2 184 enterprises declaring occupational hazards in projects, mainly dust, chemical factors, physical factors, and radiation factors. By enterprise scale, the small- and micro-scale enterprises accounted for 87.13% of the total enterprises with occupational hazards, reported 84.10% of the total cases of occupational diseases, and presented an occupational disease prevalence rate of 2.65%, higher than the large- and medium-sized enterprises(0.46%)(χ~2=451.09, P < 0.01). By industry classification, the manufacturing enterprises accounted for 83.79% of the total enterprises, involving 89.86% of the total workers exposed to occupational hazards. By economy type, there were 918 limited liability companies(42.03%), 658 private enterprises(30.13%), and 148 foreign-invested enterprises(6.78%); the top three occupational disease prevalence rates were reported in individual proprietorship enterprises(12.47%), joint-equity cooperative enterprises(2.47%), and private enterprises(2.37%). [Conclusion] There are various occupational hazards in enterprises in the city, mainly small- and micro-scale enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, and non-public economy such as limited liability companies and private enterprises.更多还原