【摘要】 本文通过对韩国农村研究的重要文献及报告的梳理,分析了韩国农村地区土地利用法规的形成过程,与新村运动各阶段的对应关系,以及现行国土规划体系下农村规划的定位,并提出了可供我国农村规划建设与管理学习借鉴的经验。韩国农村地区土地利用法规的建立可分为三个阶段:第一阶段(1945—1961)重在农地的私有制改革及新农地开垦;第二阶段(1962—1986,新村运动第一期)重在基础设施的建设与改善以及致力于提高农民收入的农村开发与建设;第三阶段(1987至今,新村运动第二期)以农村开发、生活环境改善及社区文明建设为主,核心内容逐渐由物质建设、环境改善提升至景观维护、产业发展层面。目前,韩国基层地区以"市(郡)规划"及特殊地带的专项规划为主要空间规划管理方法。韩国农村建设中由"点的扶持"到"面域整治"的分阶段建设时序,通过自上而下与自下而上的合力决定建设内容的决策过程,发挥政府在统筹协调项目及管理机构的作用,重视"生活圈"的思考方式,重视对农村居民的培训与教育等方面,值得学习借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 This research sorts out the formation process of Korean rural land use regulation system and its relationship with each stage of New Village Movement, and analyzes the position of rural planning under the current system based on the literature review of Korean rural studies. Combined with Saemaul Undong(New Village Movenment) and national economic development, there are three stages on land use regulation system construction. The first stage(1945-1961) focuses on privatization reform and extension of agricultural land. The second stage(1962-1986) focuses on rural infrastructure improvement and new revenue bases exploitation. The third stage(1987-now) focuses on rural exploitation, living environment improvement, and community spiritual civilization development. The core content is converted from material construction and environmental improvement to landscape management and industry exploitation. In rural Korea, municipality(county) planning and special planning in special area are the main management methods of spatial planning at present. As referential experience, Korean rural construction from point to surface in different phases, planning decision-making process combined top-down and bottom-top governance, governments’ role in coordinating projects and different institutional sectors, attaching importance to "living area" and villagers’ education should be pointed out.更多还原