【摘要】 为了探讨陕西省各苹果适生区不同水文年滴灌的充分与非充分灌溉制度,基于4个代表站长序列的月气象资料、苹果作物系数及土壤水分参数资料,采用水量平衡原理制定了4个代表站的滴灌灌溉制度。结果表明,与充分灌溉相比,非充分灌溉推迟了灌水时间,并减少了灌水次数和灌水定额,并且越是在干旱的地区,节水效果越显著;灌溉定额整体的变化趋势为渭北台塬东部地区>陕北丘陵沟壑区>渭北高原沟壑区>渭北台塬西部地区;除千阳县(渭北台塬西部地区)在湿润年不需灌溉外,陕西省不同适生区的苹果各水文年均需灌水,不同分区的灌溉定额均随干旱程度逐渐增加。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to estimate the sufficient and non-sufficient irrigation scheduling at different hydrological years for full bearing apple trees in Shaanxi,four represent planting sites were selected to obtain information on long series of climate data,crop coefficient and soil conditions.Water balance method was applied to calculate the accurate irrigation water quota during the growth period in different hydrological years.Results showed that,compared with full irrigation,non-sufficient irrigation postponed irrigation time,reduced irrigation quota and irrigation times,moreover,the water saving effect was more remarkable as drought conditions worsen.The overall trend of irrigation water quota was as follows:the eastern tableland area of Weibei plateau> hilly and gully area of northern Shaanxi> Weibei Plateau Gully Area> the western tableland area of Weibei plateau.Except that Qianyang(the western tableland area of Weibei plateau) not being irrigated in rainy years,other areas all needed be irrigated in different hydrological years,and the irrigation water quota increased gradually with worsening drought conditions.更多还原