【摘要】 目的 通过对成年人、成体黄牛、马、家猪、山羊、绵羊、狗、猫、长毛兔、鹅、鸭、鸡共12个种属动物股骨组织形态学结构特征的研究,建立一个有效的各类动物间种属鉴别的方法 。方法 在征得家属同意后,在尸检中取成人(20岁以上)右股骨中段约4cm,同时,收集黄牛、马、家猪、山羊、绵羊、狗、猫、长毛兔、鹅、鸭、鸡共11种常见动物右腿股骨,取中段约4cm,脱钙后制作成骨组织切片,在光学显微镜下观察,将显微镜下的图像录入电脑,选取24个指标进行分析。结果 人与其他动物、以及各被检动物之间在骨单位数量等13个指标上具有显著差异,用这些指标建立种属判别数学模型,结果 这些动物之间的判别率也可达89.4%。结论 股骨中段骨密质的组织学结构具有明显的种属特征,且骨单位形态和数量呈现明显的生物进化趋势。根据这些特征可以有效地进行种属鉴别。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The purpose of the thesis is to set up an effective method of species identification among various animals by histomorphological structure characteristics of femur for 12 species,including adults,adult cattles,horses,hogs,goats,sheep,dogs,cats,wool rabbits,geese,ducks and chickens.Methods With the consent of the bereaved family,middle section of around 4cm of the right femurs from adult men(above 20 years old) in autopsies were extracted,and the right femurs of from 11 common seen animals was collected(adult cattles,horses,hogs,goats,sheep,dogs,cats,wool rabbits,geese,ducks and chickens),extracted the middle section by 4cm,to make the right femur into bone tissue slides after decalcification and were observed under optical microscope,input the images under microscope into computer and analyzed by selecting 24 indexes.Results There exists significant differences between people and other animals,and among animalshave been extracted in the aspects of 13 indexes such as the amount of bone unit.After establishing the mathematical model of species identification with these indexes,it turns out that the identification rate between these animals could reach 89.4%.Conclusion There are obvious species characteristics of histological structure of compact bone substance in the middle section of femurs;what’s more,the shape of bone unit and its number present the obvious trend of biological evolution.Species identification can be effectively done based on these characteristics.更多还原