【摘要】 为了解三峡水库水位波动对支流库湾底栖动物的影响,研究了自2005年起三峡水库春季和夏季水位波动对其支流库湾——香溪河库湾底栖动物群落结构的影响及其时间滞后性.分别以水位落差和水位波动率的绝对值之和表征水位波动,通过Pearson相关分析研究其与底栖动物各生物参数间的相关性.结果显示,水位波动率的绝对值之和与底栖动物无显著相关关系;而水位落差(最高最低水位差)对部分底栖动物参数具显著影响(P<0.05).春季水位落差对底栖动物影响不显著(P>0.05).夏季水位落差对库湾下游的XX01-XX02区域内的底栖动物有显著影响(P<0.05);库湾中部区域(三峡水库二级支流汇入区,XX05)亦受到显著影响(P<0.05).颤蚓科(Tubifi cidae)相对丰度随水位波动剧烈程度的上升而降低,摇蚊科(Chironomidae)随水位波动剧烈程度的升高而升高,两个类群对水位波动影响的滞后时间均在15 d左右.本研究表明,长江干流水位波动对其支流汇入区有明显影响,并且对二级支流的汇入区亦产生影响;此外,摇蚊科比颤蚓科更耐受剧烈扰动的水体,可以作为夏季水体扰动对底栖动物群落产生影响与否的指示因子.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study how water level fluctuations（WLF） of reservoir influence the macroinvertebrate in tributary bay,we studied the effect of WLF of the Three Gorges Reservior on macroinvertebrate communities in Xiangxi Bay,and the time lags of such effect,based on the surveys in spring and summer from 2005 to 2010.In this research,WLF was represented by water level drawdown（WLD） and the sum of absolute values of rate of water level fluctuations(R_WLF).Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between WLF and macroinvertebrates.No significant correlation was found between macroinvertebrates and sum of absolute values of R_WLF,while WLD showed significant influence on some biotic parameters.In spring,WLD did not cause significant effect to macroinvertebrates（P > 0.05）.In summer,however,the influence was significant,especially in the area of the downstream（XX01- XX02） of the Xiangxi Bay（P < 0.05）.The middle reach of the bay（XX05）,located in the conjunction area between Xiangxi Bay and a secondary tributary of the TGR,was also affected significantly（P < 0.05）.The relative abundance of Tubificidae declined with the increase of the WLF,while abundance of Chironomidae increased.The time lags of the influence to macroinvertebrates were about 15 days.This analysis indicated that WLF in the mainstream of the reservoir mainly influences the downstream of the tributary bay,and also affects the conjunction area of the secondary tributary.Chironomidae are more tolerant than Tubificidae in water-body with dramatic disturbance,therefore can be considered as the indicator of the effect of summer WLF on macroinvertebrates.更多还原