【摘要】 首次采用微生物免培养技术,对香格里拉地区的黄花杓兰、离萼杓兰、西藏杓兰等5种濒危杓兰属植物的菌根真菌进行了rDNA ITS区段巢式PCR扩增,以了解杓兰属植物菌根真菌菌群多样性及其结构组成。结果表明:杓兰属植物菌根真菌群落表现出较高的丰富多样性,共获得388个单克隆,涉及8个属的真菌(胶膜菌属、瘤菌根菌属、丝核菌属、念珠菌根菌属、毛壳菌属、角担菌属、层孔菌属和伏革菌属),还有一类归属未定的真菌;胶膜菌属(美胞胶膜菌)和丝核菌属(立枯丝核菌)在多种杓兰属植物菌根中存在且占有较高的频率,高达20%,可能是典型的兰科植物菌根真菌。以上结果为菌肥的研制和杓兰属植物的栽培与保育工作提供科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 We studied the composition and diversity of fungal communities associated with five endangered Cypripedium species( C. flavum P. F. Hunt et Summerh,C. plectrochilum Franch,C. tibeticum King et Rolfe and so on)found in Shangri-La. The r DNA ITS sequences of mycorrhizal fungi were amplified by using culture-independant method( nested-PCR) for the first time. The results showed that the high-level fungi diversity exists in the mycorrhizal fungi systems of Cypripedium plants. We obtained 388 ITS-taxa clones. The mycorrhizal fungi belonged to 8genera( Tulasnella, Epulorhiza, Rhizoctonia, Moniliopsis, Chaetomium, Ceratobasidium, Fomes and Corticium) and an unidentified fungal species. The two fungal genera Tulasnella( Tulasnella calospora) and Rhizoctonia( Rhizoctonia solani),which are typical orchid mycorrhizal fungi,made up 20 % of the total mycorrhzal fungi.The results above will provide scientific basis for further conservation work of Cypripedium species and Cypripedium fertilizer development.更多还原