【摘要】 目的:探讨葶苈子的化学拆分组分的止咳祛痰及平喘作用。方法:分别采用氨水引咳法、气管酚红排泌法、组胺与乙酰胆碱致喘法、离体气管法观察葶苈子各化学拆分组分的止咳、祛痰、平喘作用。结果:葶苈子水煎液低、中、高剂量均能显著减少小鼠咳嗽次数、增加小鼠呼吸道的酚红排泌量,同时能延长豚鼠哮喘潜伏期,并且提高解痉率,与空白对照组比较,中剂量效果最好。与空白组相比,葶苈子20%乙醇组分、脂肪油组分、水部位组分均能显著减少浓氨水引起小鼠咳嗽的次数,并延长咳嗽潜伏期、增加酚红排泌量、延长豚鼠发生哮喘的潜伏期(P<0.01,P<0.05),此外,20%乙醇组分、水部位组分能使气管收缩幅度明显降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),具有一定的解痉挛作用。结论:葶苈子水煎液具有较好的止咳、祛痰、平喘作用,其有效部位为20%乙醇组分、脂肪油及水部位组分,其止咳祛痰和平喘作用最为显著,与水煎液中剂量作用相当。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was aimed to investigate the antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects of chemical split fractions of Descurinia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. The ammonia water induced cough model, phenol red induced expectoration model, histamine and acetylcholine mixture induced antiasthmatic model were established, respectively. The isolated trachea method was used to observe the antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects of chemical split fractions of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. The results showed that the low, medium and high doses of aqueous extracts of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. can obviously decrease the frequency of cough, increase phenol red output of trachea in mice, prolong the latent period of asthma in guinea pigs, increase the antispasmodic rate. Compared with the control group, the medium dose group had the best effect. Compared to the control group, 20% ethanol fraction, fatty oil fraction and aqueous extracts of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. can obviously decrease the frequency of cough and prolong the latent period of cough induced by ammonia water in mice, increase phenol red output of trachea in mice and prolong the latent period of asthma in guinea pigs (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). In addition, 20% ethanol fraction and aqueous extracts of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. can obviously reduce the degree of tracheal contraction (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). It had certain antispasmodic effect. It was concluded that aqueous extracts of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. had better effect in relieving cough, expectorant and antiasthmatic action. The effective parts were 20% ethanol fraction, fatty oil fraction and aqueous extracts of D. sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prantl. fraction. It had a significant relieving cough, expectorant and antiasthmatic action, which had the equal effect as the medium dose of aqueous extract.Keywords更多还原