【摘要】 在1999-2011年间,为了充实西施舌(Coelomactra antiquate)幼虫附着变态生物学理论基础和提高育苗成苗率,采取显微连续观察和活体显微摄影方法,对西施舌的幼虫发育各阶段的形态特征、附着变态及胚后发育的全过程等进行研究。结果表明,西施舌的直线铰合幼虫出现前闭壳肌和3对面盘收缩肌。壳顶幼虫时期开始生成后闭壳肌。足呈舌状,足神经节上方有一对平衡器,面盘中央具顶鞭毛朿。后期壳顶幼虫出现足丝腺、管状内鳃丝。匍匐幼虫足呈棒状,匍匐活动频繁,足丝腺发达,内鳃丝2~3对。面盘萎缩,顶鞭毛朿脱落,开始分泌足丝附着;次生壳生成;器官移位,唇瓣、口、内鳃相连接,以鳃滤食为西施舌幼虫变态的主要生物学标志。初期稚贝唇瓣二指形,内鳃丝2~4对。初期幼贝唇瓣三角形,眼点消失,外鳃丝生成,除性腺外,内部器官发育齐全。此项研究,对于进行西施舌幼虫的诱导附着及完善其产业化育苗工艺都具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 From 1999 to 2011,during the period of artificial breeding of Coelomactra antiquate,in order to enrich its larvae metamorphosis biology theoretical basis and improve the seeding rate,the author took methods of micro continuous observation and microscopic photography in vivo,studying on the morphological characteristics of Coelomactra antiquate veliger during the various stages,as well as the whole process of attachment metamorphosis and postembryonic development. The results showed that linear hinge of Coelomactra antiquate larve for combined individual size was 72 μm × 55 μm ~ 106 μm × 94 μm,and the anterior adductor muscle and 3 pairs of retractor muscles of veliger larva appeared. The umbo veliger larvae began to generate rear adductor muscle. There was one pair of balancer above the node of foot,and the center of velum has flagellate. The post larvae appeared byssus gland and internal gill filament. Creeping larva foot showed rod-like structure,creeping activity was frequent,byssus gland developed and there were 2 ~ 3 pairs of internal gill filament. Velum atrophied,flagellate shed,and began to secrete byssal attachment. Then shell formed,organ shifted,and lip and mouth was connected with gill filaments. Eating through gill was the main biological symbol of metamorphosis of Coelomactra antiquate larvae. The labellum of early young shell was two finger shape,and there were 2 ~ 4 pairs of the internal gill filament. The labellum of early juvenile shell was triangular shape,eye spot disappeared,and the outer gill filaments appeared. Internal organ development was complete except reproductive organs. The study has important significance for induction and attachment of coelomactra antiquate larvae and perfection of the industrial breeding technology.更多还原