【摘要】 目的了解哈尔滨市婴幼儿喂养方式,建立前瞻性队列观察不同喂养方式对婴幼儿体格发育的纵向影响。方法随机抽取哈尔滨市2009年7月1日—2010年7月1日出生的婴儿593例,监测婴幼儿0～24月龄的体重、身长、头围、喂养情况、家庭基本信息等。测量次数:共测查20次,包括出生3 d内、1岁内每月1次、1～2岁每3月1次。结果 593例研究对象中,男性293例(49.41%),女性300例(50.59%);男、女婴在社会人口学特征分布上差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。母乳喂养组267例(45.03%),混合喂养组132例(22.26%),人工喂养组194例(32.71%)。方差分析显示婴幼儿不同喂养方式对0～24月龄婴幼儿体重、身长、头围有不同影响。1月时体重均值人工喂养组>混合喂养组>母乳喂养组;7～24月龄体重均值母乳喂养组>混合喂养组>人工喂养组,3组均值经方差分析差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对4～24月龄时身长有影响,7～24月龄体重均值母乳喂养组>混合喂养组>人工喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2月龄时头围均值人工喂养组>混合喂养组>母乳喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);7月龄、9～24月龄时头围均值母乳喂养组>混合喂养组>人工喂养组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论母乳是婴幼儿生命早期最佳的天然食品,为婴幼儿提供了生命所需的必要营养物质,对婴幼儿生长速率增长有极大的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To find the feeding patterns among infants in Harbin,and understand the longitudinal influence on infants growth with different feeding patterns. Methods 593 infants who was born in Harbin City from on July 1,2009 to July 1,2010 were randomly selected,their body weight,body length,head circumference of infants,feeding patterns and family basic information were recorded during 0-24 month. For each infant,we measured these indicators 20 times including one time at 3 days old,once every month before one year old,and once every three months before two years old. Results There were 293 boys(49. 41%) and 300 girls(50. 59%) in total 593 infants. There was no statistical significance in sociological and demographical features in boys and girls. The infants were divided into three groups: 267 in breast-feeding group(45. 03%),132 in mixed-feeding group(22. 26%) and 194 in artificial-feeding group(32. 71%).The analysis of variance showed that feeding pattern has distinct effect on body weight,body length and head circumference of infants. For the body weight,breast-feeding group > mixed-feeding group > artificial-feeding group during 7 to 24 months(P < 0.05). For the body length,breast-feeding group > mixed-feeding group > artificial-feeding group during 4 to 24months(P < 0. 05). For the head circumference,breast-feeding group > mixed-feeding group > artificial-feeding group during 7 months and 9-24 months(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Breast milk is the best natural food in early life of infant,it provide the necessary nutrients need for infants. Breast-feeding pattern has a great role in promoting infant growth rate.更多还原