【摘要】 采用田间小区试验方法,选择大豆田常用的几种除草剂进行红小豆田杂草防除效果和对红小豆的安全性试验。结果表明,960 g/L精异丙甲草胺乳油、900 g/L乙草胺乳油、330g/L二甲戊灵乳油单用,对阔叶杂草的防效略好于禾本科杂草;50%丙炔氟草胺可湿性粉剂对反枝苋和龙葵的防效好于75%噻吩磺隆干悬浮剂,对藜和苘麻的防效相近。5种土壤处理除草剂混用后对阔叶杂草的防效有所提高,而对禾本科杂草的防效没有明显改善,对野黍的防效甚至有所降低;丙炔氟草胺分别与精异丙甲草胺、乙草胺、二甲戊灵混用的综合除草效果总体趋势优于噻吩磺隆与3种除草剂混用。10%氟烯草酸乳油、25%氟磺胺草醚水剂和84%氯酯磺草胺水分散粒剂等3种茎叶处理防除阔叶杂草的除草剂,虽然对阔叶杂草的防效表现不是很规律,但3种药剂对藜、反枝苋、苍耳和龙葵的最好防效都能达到100%。总体上看,试验所用的8种除草剂对红小豆均较安全,虽然3种茎叶处理除草剂对红小豆有轻微的药害,但都可以恢复正常生长,红小豆产量比对照有大幅提高,土壤处理红小豆增产率在33.3%~758.3%,茎叶处理红小豆增产率在250.0%~675.0%。更多还原

【Abstract】 The efficacy of eight soybean herbicides and their selectivity to Phaseolus angularis was studied under field conditions. Metolachlor 960g / L EC,acetochlor 900g / L EC and pendimethalin 330g / L EC applied individually better controlled broadleaf weeds than grasses. Flumioxazin 50% WP controlled Amaranthus retroflexus and Solanum nigrum better than thifensulfuron-methyl 75% DF but both had similar effects on Chenopodium album and A. theophrasti. Mixtures of 5 soil-applied herbicides with each other increased broadleaf weed control,but there was not an obvious improvement in grass control,and in the case of Eriochloa villosa it was even reduced. Flumioxazin mixed with metolachlor,and acetochlor with pendimethalin provided better control than thifensulfuron-methyl. Flumiclorac-pentyl 10% EC,fomesafen 25% AS and cloransulam-methyl 84% WDG gave total control of C. album,A. retroflexus,Xanthium sibiricum and S. nigrum,the three foliar-applied herbicides provided total control of broadleaf weeds. All herbicides tested were selective to P. angularis even though the three foliar-applied herbicides were slightly but tem-porarily phytotoxic to this crop. Cropyield increased 33. 3% ~ 758. 3% with the soil-applied herbicides and 250. 0% ~ 675. 0% with foliar sprayed chemicals.更多还原