【摘要】 目的了解中国农村留守与非留守小学生受忽视状况,为制定有针对性的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,从全国9个省/直辖市抽取农村6~11岁(一~六年级)小学生7 887名,采用"中国农村6~8岁小学生忽视评价常模"及"中国农村9~11岁小学生忽视评价常模"制定的量表进行问卷调查。结果 6~8岁组(一~三年级)留守儿童占34.1%(1 301/3 819名),9~11岁组(四~六年级)中留守儿童占40.5%(1 646/4 068名);6~8岁组中,留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视率分别为48.5%和35.7%,忽视度分别为(47.64±9.44)和(45.34±8.53)(P值均<0.01);男性留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视度分别为(48.08±9.53)和(45.52±8.32),女性留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视度分别为(47.21±9.34)和(45.15±8.75)(P值均<0.01)。9~11岁组留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视率分别为49.7%和37.4%,忽视度分别为(46.61±10.58)和(43.59±10.15)(P值均<0.01),男性留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视度分别为(47.33±9.96)和(44.38±10.04),女性留守儿童和非留守儿童忽视度分别为(45.90±11.10)和(42.81±10.21)(P值均<0.01)。结论中国农村小学生的忽视问题非常严重,留守儿童忽视率和忽视度均高于非留守儿童,应引起重视。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the situation of child neglect between left-behind children and non-left-behind in the rural pupils of China and to provide scientific basis for targeted intervention measures. Methods By using multistage stratified cluster sampling method,from the 9 provinces( municipalities directly under the central government),6 to 11 years of age elementary students( 7 887 people) were randomly extracted from the national rural,including 6 to 8 years of 3 819 and 9 to 11 years of 4 068 respectively. Scales and evaluation methods in the " Chinese rural 6- 8 years children neglected evaluation model" and the " Chinese rural 9- 11 years children neglected evaluation model" were used in this study. Results Among the 7 887 children,the leftbehind children were 34. 1%( 1 301 /3 819) in the 6- 8 years old group( the total neglect rate: 40. 2%,the total neglect degrees: 46. 02 ± 8. 87) and 40. 5%( 1 646 /4 068) in the 9- 11 years old group( the total neglect rate: 42. 5%,the total neglect degrees: 44. 79 ± 10. 44). In the 6- 8 years old group,the neglect rates for left-behind children and living-with parents were respectively 48. 5% and 35. 7%( P < 0. 01),and the neglect degree were respectively 47. 64 ± 9. 44 and 45. 34 ± 8. 53( P < 0. 01). In boy’s group,the degrees of these two kinds of children were 48. 08 ± 9. 53 and 45. 52 ± 8. 32( P < 0. 01); In girl’s group,the degrees of these two kinds of children were 47. 21 ± 9. 34 and 45. 15 ± 8. 75( P < 0. 01). In the 9- 11 years old group,the neglect rates for left-behind children and living-with parents were respectively 49. 7% and 37. 4%( P < 0. 01),and the neglect degree were respectively 46. 61 ± 10. 58 and 43. 61 ± 10. 17( P < 0. 01). In boy’s group,the degrees of these two kinds of children were 44. 38 ± 10. 04 and 47. 33 ± 9. 96( P < 0. 01); In girl’s group,the degrees of these two kinds of children were 45. 90 ± 11. 10 and 42. 81 ± 10. 21( P < 0. 01). Conclusion The situation of children neglect in the rural pupils of China is serious. Both the neglect rate and neglect degree in left-behind children are higher than non-left-behind children. The situation of children neglect in rural areas of China should get more attentions in the extensive solicitude of government and people.更多还原