【摘要】 自从20年余前第一次发现细胞穿透肽(cell-penetrating peptides,CPPs)以来,细胞穿透肽新家族成员的发掘和应用研究发展迅速。这些短肽可以通过共价或非共价连接形式穿过细胞膜,并且可以携带多种没有能力克服细胞膜通透性障碍的分子进入细胞。作为纳米级转运载体,大多数CPPs是无毒的,并已成为药物治疗、诊断以及蛋白质、核酸功能等方面研究的新型潜在工具。该文重点从CPPs的分类、结构与功能关系、跨膜机制、细胞器定位、细胞毒性、与外源物质连接方式以及应用等方面介绍了国际上有关CPPs的研究进展及其存在的挑战和未来前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Novel classes and applications of cell-penetrating peptides(CPPs) are being constantly discovered since they were first identified 2 decades ago. These short peptides either by covalent binding or by noncovalent binding can traverse cell membranes and deliver a variety of molecules that are unable to overcome the permeability barrier in their own capacity. As a nanoscale transport carrier, most of CPPs are non-toxic and have become a new potential tool in pharmacology, therapeutics, diagnostics, and studies on the function of proteins and nucleic acids. Here, we review the progress and compendium of research on CPPs from seven aspects, including the classification, the relationships of structure and function, transmembrane mechanisms, the localization of organelles, cytotoxicity, the connection pattern of exogenous substances and applications. Meanwhile, the existing-challenges and future prospects are also discussed.更多还原