【摘要】 在黄淮海平原盐碱障碍耕地典型区域,经过3年的定位试验,研究了麦秸覆盖和磷肥、海藻肥对棉花籽棉产量、纤维品质的影响,建立了3因素与籽棉产量的数学模型。研究表明,麦秸覆盖、磷肥和海藻肥与籽棉产量间存在着显著的典型肥料效应函数关系;覆盖麦秸能够增加纤维上半部长度;纤维断裂比强度随着磷肥用量呈先增后降的趋势,适量施用磷肥有助于提高纤维强度;增施海藻肥有利于提高纤维上半部长度、反射率和伸长率;3因素对纤维整齐度指数、黄度和马克隆值影响较小。经过对产量模型的解析,获得高产目标区段(高于等于2 250 kg·hm-2)的农艺措施是麦秸覆盖量为8 180.4~8 748.0 kg·hm-2、磷肥(P2O5)用量为117.8~141.5kg·hm-2、海藻肥用量为738.8~922.0 kg·hm-2,其中100%磷肥和50%海藻肥基施,50%海藻肥花铃期追施,麦秸于苗期均匀覆盖于行间。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of the wheat straw mulching and phosphate fertilizer,seaweed fertilizer on cotton yield and fiber quality of cotton was studied on the specific site for three years in the Huang-huai-hai plain typical saline-alkali area,and the mathematical model between the three factors and seed cotton yield was established respectively.The results showed that there are significant typical fertilizer effect function relationships between these three factors and seed cotton yield.Covering straw can increase fiber length of cotton,and moderate amount of phosphate( P2O5) helps to improve the fiber breaking tenacity.More seaweed fertilizer could improve the fiber length,reflectivity,and elongation.All three factors have little effects on the degree of fiber micronaire,yellow degree and uniformity index.To gain high yield which is more than 2 250 kg·hm- 2,8 180.4 ~8 748.0 kg·hm- 2 of straw covering,117.8 ~ 141.5 kg·hm- 2 of phosphate fertilizer( P2O5),or 738.8 ~922.0 kg·hm- 2 of seaweed fertilizer are required.As for the application methods,100% phosphorus fertilizer and 50% of seaweed fertilizer was used as basal,and the other 50% seaweed fertilizer was applied as topdressing.Wheat straw was covered in row uniformly during the cotton blooming period.更多还原