【摘要】 以某废弃采油井井场做为研究对象,对油井不同方位、距离和深度剖面土壤石油含量和物理化学性质进行测试,并利用实时定量PCR技术对场地细菌和真菌生物量展开调查,以期能够为修复工作提供数据基础。结果显示,该场地遭受了严重石油污染和盐碱污染。土壤细菌16S rDNA和真菌ITS rDNA定量调查结果显示,细菌和真菌的生物量均高于普通土壤,尤其石油含量与细菌16S rDNA基因具有一定的正相关性,土壤的生态系统的健康和稳定性变弱。通过土壤三氮的测定,结合石油和微生物量的对比得出,嗜油微生物大量生长导致了土壤硝化作用的减弱和NH4+的积累、土壤N素的缺失和土壤健康及稳定性的减弱。因此,有必要对该污染场地进行治理。基于分析数据,提出了一些该污染场地的修复建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 An abandoned oil well site was chosen as the research area. In order to provide basic data for the next repair work, the oil contents and other physical and chemical properties in soils were investigated. Microbial biomass of bacteria and fungi was also tested in different azimuth around the well and various depths in the dill holes. Results showed that the site had been suffered from severe oil and salinity pollution. The biomass of both bacteria and fungi in the field was higher than the ordinary soils according to results of the measurement of 16S rDNA and ITS rDNA. Additionally, the content of 16S rDNA gene was in positive correlation to the oil content in soils, and the soil ecosystem stability was weak. The pollution also decreased the nitrification, and as a result, the concentrations of NH4+ in soils were increased. And the abundantly growing of oil-eating microorganism induced the lacking of N element in the soil and weakened the soil health. Therefore, the filed should be repaired. Based on the data investigated, the formulation and plans of the soil remediation were proposed in the article.更多还原