【摘要】 目的调查广州市某小学出现多名急性胃肠炎病例的感染来源、传播途径和危险因素。方法按照病例定义开展病例搜索,采用描述性流行病学和病例对照研究方法进行分析;样本采用RT-PCR方法检测诺如病毒核酸。结果 2013年3月28~31日,共发生诺如病毒感染性腹泻27例,罹患率为3.31%(27/816)。3月28日14:00~22:00时为发病高峰,病例有班级聚集性,病例对照结果显示饭前洗手(OR=0.13,95%CI:0.03~0.63)和每天洗手次数≥5次(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.10~0.72)为保护因素。采集患者、厨工肛拭子、剩余食物及环境涂抹样等85份标本,其中5份检出诺如病毒GⅡ-4型。结论这是一起由诺如病毒GⅡ-4型引起的急性胃肠炎暴发,暴发原因是带毒厨工污染部分食物所致,以食源性传播为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objecive To identify the source of infection,route of transmission and risk factors of a cluster of acute gastroenteritis cases in a primary school of Guangzhou.Methods Cases were identified according to the case definition.Descriptive epidemiological approaches and case-control study designs were employed for the analysis.The samples were tested for norovirus by RT-PCR.Results A total of 27 cases of norovirus gastroenteritis were identified in March 28 to 31,2013 and the attack rate was 3.31%(27/816).The peak in morbidity was seen on March 28 at 14:00 to 22:00.Clustering was found in classes.The case-control study revealed that washing hands before meals(OR=0.13,95%CI:0.03~0.63) and wash hands more than 5 times a day(OR=0.26,95%CI:0.10~0.72) were protective factors.A total of 85 samples,including rectal swabs from the patients and Kitchen workers,leftovers and environmental swabs were collected.Five samples were positive for norovirus G Ⅱ detected by RT-PCR.Conclusion This is the acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by the norovirus genotype II-4.It was a foodborne outbreak in which food was contaminated by the asymptomatic kitchen workers who carried the virus.更多还原